Poliovirus Immunity Among Pregnant Females Aged 15–44 Years, Namibia, 2010

Details

• Journal Article:
  J Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Cardemil, Cristina V. ; Jonas, Anna ; Gerber, Sue ; Weldon, William C. ; Oberste, M. Steven ; Beukes, Anita ; Sawadogo, Souleymane ; Patel, Sadhna V. ; Zeko, Sikota ; Muroua, Clementine ; Gaeb, Esegiel ; Wannemuehler, Kathleen ; Goodson, James L.
  More +
• Description:
  Background. ; Poliovirus (PV) antibody seroprevalence studies assess population immunity, verify an immunization program’s performance and vaccine efficacy, and guide polio eradication strategy. Namibia experienced a polio outbreak among adults in 2006, yet population seroimmunity was unknown. ; Methods. ; We tested 2061 specimens from Namibian pregnant females aged 15–44 years for neutralizing antibody to PV types 1–3 (PV1–3); all females were sampled during the 2010 National HIV Sentinel Survey. We determined the proportion of females seropositive for PV antibody by 5-year age strata, and analyzed factors associated with seropositivity, including age, gravidity, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection status, residence, and antiretroviral treatment, by log-binomial regression. ; Results. ; The seroprevalence was 94.6% for PV1, 97.0% for PV2, and 85.1% for PV3. HIV-positive females had significantly lower seroprevalence than HIV-negative females for PV1 (91.8% vs 95.3%; P < .01) and PV3 (80.0% vs 86.1%; P < .01) but not for PV2 (96.4% vs 97.1%; P = .3). The prevalence ratio of seropositivity for HIV-positive females versus HIV-negative females was 0.95 (95% confidence interval CI, .92–.98) for PV1, 0.99 (95% CI, .97–1.01) for PV2, and 0.92 (95% CI, .87–.96) for PV3. ; Conclusions. ; Despite relatively high PV seroprevalence, Namibia might remain at risk for a PV outbreak, particularly in lower-seroprevalence populations, such as HIV-positive females. Namibia should continue to maintain high routine polio vaccination coverage.
• Subjects:
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Namibia
  • Poliomyelitis
  • Poliovirus
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• Keywords:
  • Poliovirus
  • polio
  • seroprevalence
  • OPV
  • Namibia
  • adults
  • pregnant women
  • population immunity
  • HIV
  • neutralizing antibody
• Source:
  J Infect Dis. 210(Suppl 1):S136-S142
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu086
• Pubmed ID:
  25316828
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6546099
• Document Type:
  Text ; Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  210
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/79093/cdc_79093_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 79.04 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:b8f670e9c2b32e5c2dd6efe23332c9b8673793815c49347299a148b1b20cb58f356d09803c63db749c319551b2809b5def588a4dbf2c15c0a0e6d5556fe6d980