Medical Countermeasures for Children in Radiation and Nuclear Disasters: Current Capabilities and Key Gaps

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Disaster Med Public Health Prep
• Personal Author:
  Gardner, Aaron H. ; Dziuban, Eric J. ; Griese, Stephanie ; Berríos-Cartagena, Nairimer ; Buzzell, Jennifer ; Cobham-Owens, Karen ; Peacock, Georgina ; Kazzi, Ziad ; Prasher, Joanna M.
• Description:
  Objective:
  
  Despite children’s unique vulnerability, clinical guidance and resources are lacking around use of the radiation medical countermeasures (MCMs) available commercially and in the Strategic National Stockpile to support immediate dispensing to pediatric populations. To better understand the current capabilities and shortfalls, a literature review and gap analysis were performed.
  
  Methods:
  
  A comprehensive review of the medical literature, Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved labeling, FDA summary reviews, medical references, and educational resources related to pediatric radiation MCMs was performed from May 2016–February 2017.
  
  Results:
  
  Fifteen gaps related to the use of radiation MCMs in children were identified. The need to address these gaps was prioritized based upon the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality, improve clinical management, strengthen caregiver education, and increase the relevant evidence base.
  
  Conclusions:
  
  Key gaps exist in information to support safe and successful use of MCMs in children during radiation emergencies; failure to address these gaps could have negative consequences for families and communities. There is a clear need for pediatric-specific guidance to ensure clinicians can appropriately identify, triage, and treat children who have been exposed to radiation, and for resources to ensure accurate communication about the safety and utility of radiation MCMs for children.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Article Children Medical Countermeasures Nuclear Radiation Radiologic
• Source:
  Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 13(3):639-646
• Pubmed ID:
  30387408
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6497563
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
• Volume:
  13
• Issue:
  3
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:cdb44d6e1a5b5ff124b9007c50b80c4773ea32415703f3e3ffaf9a1ef96a9067
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/78332/cdc_78332_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 82.38 KB ]