Treatment of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with 12 once weekly directly-observed doses of isoniazid and rifapentine among persons experiencing homelessness

Nwana, Nwabunie; Marks, Suzanne M.; Lan, Edward; Chang, Alicia H.; Holcombe, Michael; Morris, Sapna Bamrah

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Treatment of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with 12 once weekly directly-observed doses of isoniazid and rifapentine among persons experiencing homelessness

Published Date:

March 13 2019

Source:

PLoS One. 14(3)

Language:

English

[PDF-470.26 KB]

Details:

Personal Authors:

Nwana, Nwabunie ; Marks, Suzanne M. ; Lan, Edward ; Chang, Alicia H. ; Holcombe, Michael ; ... More ▼

Keywords:

[+]

Pubmed ID:

30865724

Pubmed Central ID:

PMC6415837

Description:

Objectives

To investigate treatment outcomes and associated characteristics of persons experiencing homelessness who received 12-weekly doses of directly observed isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP/DOT) treatment for latent TB infection (LTBI).

Methods

Among homeless persons treated with 3HP/DOT during July 2011 –June 2015 in 11 U.S. TB programs, we conducted descriptive analyses of observational data, and identified associations between sociodemographic factors and treatment outcomes. Qualitative interviews were conducted to understand programmatic experiences.

Results

Of 393 persons experiencing homelessness (median age: 50 years; range: 13–74 years), 301 (76.6%) completed treatment, 55 (14.0%) were lost to follow-up, 18 (4.6%) stopped because of an adverse event (AE), and 19 (4.8%) stopped after relocations or refusing treatment. Eighty-one (20.6%) had at least one AE. Persons aged ≥65 were more likely to discontinue treatment than persons aged 31–44 years. Programs reported difficulty in following up with persons experiencing homelessness because of relocations, mistrust, and alcohol or drug use.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the feasibility of administering the 3HP/DOT LTBI regimen to persons experiencing homelessness, a high-risk population.

Document Type:

Journal Article

Collection(s):

CDC Public Access

Main Document Checksum:

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Supporting Files:

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