Progress Toward Hepatitis B Control and Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus — Western Pacific Region, 2005–2017

Details

• Journal Article:
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Personal Author:
  Woodring, Joseph ; Pastore, Roberta ; Brink, Anne ; Ishikawa, Naoko ; Takashima, Yoshihiro ; Tohme, Rania A.
• Corporate Authors:
  Center for Global Health (U.S.)Global Immunization Division.
• Description:
  Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), which has been available since 1982, provides lifelong protection against hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection and the associated 20%-30% increased lifetime risk for developing cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma among >95% of vaccine recipients (1). Before HepB introduction into national childhood immunization schedules, the estimated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region (WPR)* was >8% in 1990 (2). In 2005, the WPR was the first WHO region to establish a hepatitis B control goal, with an initial target of reducing HBsAg prevalence to <2% among children aged 5 years by 2012. In 2013, the WPR set more stringent control targets to achieve by 2017, including reducing HBsAg prevalence to <1% in children aged 5 years and increasing national coverage with both timely HepB birth dose (HepB-BD) (defined as administration within 24 hours of birth) and the third HepB dose (HepB3) to ≥95% (3). All WPR countries/areas endorsed the Regional Action Plan for Viral Hepatitis in the Western Pacific Region 2016-2020 in 2015 (4) and the Regional Framework for the Triple Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B and Syphilis in Asia and the Pacific 2018-2030 (triple elimination framework) in 2017 (5). These regional targets and strategies are aligned with program targets established by the WHO Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis 2016-2021 that aim to reduce HBsAg prevalence among children aged 5 years to ≤1% by 2020 and to ≤0.1% by 2030 (6). This report describes progress made to achieve hepatitis B control in the WPR and the steps taken to eliminate mother-to-child Transmission (MTCT) of HBV during 2005-2017. During this period, regional timely HepB-BD and HepB3 coverage increased from 63% to 85% and from 76% to 93%, respectively. As of December 2017, 15 (42%) countries/areas achieved ≥95% timely HepB-BD coverage; 18 (50%) reached ≥95% HepB3 coverage; and 19 (53%) countries/areas as well as the region as a whole were verified to have achieved the regional and global target of <1% HBsAg prevalence among children aged 5 years. Continued implementation of proven vaccination strategies will be needed to make further progress toward WPR hepatitis B control targets. In addition to high HepB-BD and HepB3 coverage, enhanced implementation of complementary hepatitis B Prevention services through the triple elimination framework, including routine HBsAg tTesting of pregnant women, timely administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin to exposed newborns, and antiviral treatment of mothers with high viral loads, will be needed to achieve the global hepatitis B elimination target by 2030.
• Subjects:
  Child, Preschool Disease Eradication Female Full Report Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis B Vaccines Humans Immunization Schedule Infant Infant, Newborn Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Pregnancy Seroepidemiologic Studies Surveys And Questionnaires Vaccination Coverage

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• Source:
  MMWR Morbidity Mortal Weekly Rep. 68(8):195-200
• Series:
  Weekly Report: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6808a2
• ISSN:
  0149-2195 (print) ; 1545-861X (digital)
• Pubmed ID:
  30817746
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6394384
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Pacific Islands
• Pages in Document:
  6 pdf pages
• Volume:
  68
• Issue:
  8
• Collection(s):
  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1d6f0e63e9fa77a655d98c9d98ac9d5a7d673b7d676c3fd2f452e7e4e2a0f8de8e5b9ec667498e9aa56191a540da23cbc8c96e79089af3bf50e6976202413fc1
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/76401/cdc_76401_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 115.14 KB ]