In a survey of 2,548 adolescents, 11.5 percent reported ever having had the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody test. Those who had been tested were significantly more likely to be male, black, and to reside in metropolitan areas than those who had not been tested. Tested adolescents were more than three times as likely to report having injected drugs and were more than twice as likely to have had sexual intercourse, had sexual intercourse at earlier ages, and with multiple partners. More than half of adolescents who had been HIV-tested had no reported risks for HIV infection. More than one-quarter of adolescents not tested reported at least one HIV risk factor. These data suggest the importance of discussing the HIV testing and counseling process within any HIV education program directed to adolescents.
The evaulation was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under contract no. 200-88-0683.
Starling national statistics indicate that New Haven, CT, is the seventh poorest city of its size, in terms of per capita income, in the United States. In 1989, it was reported to have the highest rate of infant mortality--18.5 infant deaths per 1,00...
Fatality rates from residential fires are high among American Indians. Contact burns and scalds are also among the leading types of thermal injuries. Information about the prevalence of risk factors for burn injuries is required to design interventio...
Fowkes, V K; Gamel, N N; Wilson, S R; Garcia, R D;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):673-682
Description:
A study of physician assistant, nurse practitioner, and certified nurse midwifery programs was undertaken to identify and assess the effectiveness of recruitment, educational, and deployment strategies that programs use to prepare practitioners for m...
Hennessy, Catherine Hagan; Moriarty, David G.; Zack, Matthew M.; Scherr, Paul A.; Brackbill, Rovert;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):665-672
Description:
In public health research and practice, quality of life is increasingly acknowledged as a valid and appropriate indicator of service need and intervention outcomes. Health-related quality of life measures, including objective and subjective assessmen...
This paper discusses the findings of a study conducted in south central Los Angeles in August 1992 among women in the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children. The goals of the study were to determine the current demographic...
Robinson, Chester A.; Evans, Willard B.; Mahanes, Joan Atchison; Sepe, Stephen J.;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):594-600
Description:
President Clinton submitted the Comprehensive Childhood Immunization Initiative Act to Congress in April 1993. The objective of the legislation is to protect all children in the United States by their second birthday against nine vaccine-preventable ...
Kogan, M D; Alexander, G R; Kotelchuck, M; Nagey, D A; Jack, B W;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):637-646
Description:
The Public Health Service's Expert Panel on the Content of Prenatal Care Report in 1989 provided detailed guidelines for the components of each prenatal visit. However, the extent to which women were receiving the recommended care when the guidelines...
Ganikos, M L; McNeil, C; Braslow, J B; Arkin, E B; Klaus, D; Oberley, E E; White, M F;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):626-631
Description:
The chasm between the supply and demand of donated organs and tissues continues to grow despite widespread public awareness of transplantation and numerous efforts to educate the public about organ donation. It is fast becoming a significant public h...
Langer, Lilly M.; Zimmerman, Rick S.; Cabral, Rebecca J.;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):683-687
Description:
The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether individual self-reports of perceived ability to use a condom correctly correlated with the actual ability to do so. Participants in the study were 3,059 clients of a sexually transmitted diseas...
Turnock, Bernard J.; Handler, Arden; Hall, William; Potsic, Steven; Nalluri, Ravi; Vaughn, Edward H.;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):653-658
Description:
Objective 8.14 of the Year 2000 National Health Objectives calls for 90 percent of the population to be served by a local health department effectively carrying out the three core functions of public health--assessment, policy development, and assura...
Miller, C. Ardem; Moore, Karen S.; Richards, Thomas B.; McKaig, Catharine;
Published Date:
1994 Sep-Oct
Source:
Public Health Rep. 109(5):659-664
Description:
Current studies are attempting to develop a national surveillance system to measure the extent that populations are served by local departments carrying out the core functions of public health. Early phases of the study featured observations on 14 he...
Includes announcement: "The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Issues Plan to Address Emerging Infectious Diseases" [National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.) . Addressing emerging infectious disease threats : a prevention strategy for t...
A critical review of available reports on the epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome among American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Aboriginal peoples of Canada was completed. A search of Medline, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism ...
The Midwest flood disaster of 1993 ravaged communities across a 9-State area. Homes were destroyed, roads closed, and services disrupted. Economic costs, including loss of revenue from farming and loss of jobs, are estimated at more than $1 billion. ...
Two of the best ways to improve the quality of childhood nutrition are (a) more collaboration at the national, State, and local levels and (b) adoption of innovative and multimedia learning methods, according to the leaders of nutrition education. Th...
Juveniles who live on the street are often the victims of physical and sexual abuse and family chaos. They have a multitude of health problems such as malnutrition, respiratory infections, sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficien...
PurposeFamilias Unidas is an efficacious and effective family-based intervention for preventing and reducing substance use and unsafe sexual behaviors among Latino youth. To facilitate its dissemination, Familias Unidas was shortened from a 12-week i...
National HIV Prevention Conference (2007 : Atlanta, GA)
Published Date:
2007
Description:
The Abstract Book contains all conference abstracts listed in the order that they are presented. More than 750 abstracts were submitted by authors from the United States and other countries, and each abstract was reviewed by two peer reviewers. Confe...
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). United States. Health Resources and Services Administration. Community Risk Profile Work Group..
Published Date:
February 2004
Description:
The Integrated Guidelines for Developing Epidemiologic Profiles: HIV Prevention and Ryan White CARE Act Community Planning have been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Health Resources Services Administration to assis...