New York State established a Nutrition Surveillance Program (NSP) in 1984. Precedents for the program included the Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System of the Public Health Service's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and periodic food and...

Road-rail crossings where a train and motor vehicle crashed were compared with the next crossing in the direction from which the train traveled at the same time of day and day of week of the crash. The odds of a crash were much lower at crossings wit...

Back-related injuries have become a major health problem in the workplace, affecting as many as 35 percent of the work force and accounting for about 25 percent of all compensation claims. This study evaluates a back injury prevention program among e...

The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between the exposure of adolescents in the seventh and eighth grades to cigarette advertising and their being smokers. A survey questionnaire given to 602 adolescents assessed their exposure to...

The community diagnosis process in North Carolina has evolved over a period of years. It began in 1974 and gained great impetus during and after 1983. It serves to address the "true" health problems of the State's citizenry through the identification...

The decline in cirrhosis mortality in recent years in light of increases in cirrhosis morbidity, as reflected in hospital discharge data, is examined. Although there does not appear to be a single explanation for the decline in mortality, it is sugge...

A pilot fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) surveillance was carried out in four American Indian communities in the Northern Plains by the Aberdeen Area Indian Health Service to determine the incidence of FAS and to evaluate the feasibility of establishing ...

Most of the nearly 1,000 fatal bicycle-related injuries annually could be prevented if riders used safety helmets. Helmet use by adult bicyclists has received relatively little attention because educational campaigns to promote helmet use generally f...

Injuries from falls are the main cause of trauma morbidity that leads to mortality among the elderly. One prevention strategy is to wear sturdy shoes. This study was undertaken to determine the attitudes towards and use of sturdy shoes among older ad...

In October 1989, more than 3 years after the nuclear power plant accident at Chernobyl, in the Ukraine, the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics requested that the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) evaluate the medical and ps...

Regularly practiced breast self-examination (BSE) has been demonstrated to be an effective method in the early detection of breast abnormalities. Women are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of BSE as a means of self-health care and are se...

Each year, there are approximately 2 million homeless and runaway youths in the United States. On any given night, there are 1,000 homeless youngsters living on the streets of San Diego, CA. Homeless young people are commonly involved in one or more ...

The lack of adequate prenatal and gynecological care for indigent women has reached crisis proportions. The situation is aggravated by the diminishing supply of primary care physicians who are willing to practice obstetrics in community settings. Add...

Early detection, appropriate intervention, and adequate followup treatment make cervical cancer one of the most preventable of all diseases. The authors propose a project designed to increase knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer and its prevent...

Actions by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to integrate health communication into overall prevention programs as a means of influencing individual behavior to reduce risks to health are described. These actions include a set of 5...