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An overview of prevention research: issues, answers, and new agendas.
  • Published Date:
    1988 Nov-Dec
  • Source:
    Public Health Rep. 103(6):674-683
  • Language:
    English
Filetype[PDF-2.02 MB]


Details:
  • Personal Authors:
  • Keywords:
  • Pubmed ID:
    3141964
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMCnull
  • Description:
    Efforts to curtail alcohol abuse and alcoholism can be divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Primary prevention attempts to stop a problem or illness from occurring in the first place. Secondary prevention identifies persons in the early stages of problematic or illness behavior and refers them for counseling or treatment, which is considered tertiary prevention. Five research areas concerned with primary and secondary prevention are selected for discussion: youth, the mass media, the worksite, blacks and Hispanics, and alcohol-related behavior that increases the risk of AIDS. Several of these themes have been in the forefront of alcohol prevention research; others such as AIDS are emergent areas of injury. The discussion to follow briefly summarizes research approaches, key findings, methodological shortcomings, and suggested issues for future investigation. Although scientifically solid prevention studies have been conducted, more rigorous, more comprehensive, and more innovative research is needed. Given the dynamic sociocultural and economic systems in which prevention occurs, research techniques that can address this complexity are required. A range of appropriate methodologies is described.

  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Public Health Reports
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. Theories and models supporting prevention approaches to alcohol problems among youth.
      Personal Author:
      Johnson, E M; Amatetti, S; Funkhouser, J E; Johnson, S;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):578-586
      Description:
      The Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration's Office for Substance Abuse Prevention (OSAP) was established to initiate programs to provide prevention and early intervention services for young people, especially high-risk youth. OSAP's s...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.75 MB]
    2. Assessment of the potential for surveillance of alcohol-related casualties using National Hospital Discharge Survey data.
      Personal Author:
      Towle, L H; Stinson, F S; Dufour, M;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):597-605
      Description:
      It is well known that alcohol abuse is significantly involved in the incidence of casualties (that is, accidents and injuries as they are defined for the purpose of coding diagnoses in the International Classification of Diseases). Thus, a study was ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.94 MB]
    3. Screening for alcoholism: techniques and issues.
      Personal Author:
      Allen, J P; Eckardt, M J; Wallen, J;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):586-592
      Description:
      Alcoholism is an often overlooked health problem because alcoholics usually do not seek treatment for their drinking problems. They do, however, seek general medical care for other health reasons, and a number of screening techniques have proven usef...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.49 MB]
    4. Alcoholism treatment service systems: a health services research perspective.
      Personal Author:
      Wallen, J
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):605-611
      Description:
      This article examines the role of health services research in alcoholism treatment. Alcoholism services research has only recently emerged as a self-defined discipline. Alcoholism services research can be grouped into five classifications: a) descrip...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.41 MB]
    5. Alcoholism research: delivering on the promise.
      Personal Author:
      Goodwin, F K
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):569-574
      Description:
      Prospects for research advances in alcoholism are very promising, because of the explosion in the neurosciences and advances in epidemiology and typology of the disorder. For example, the field is now ready for molecular genetics studies of the early...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.67 MB]
    6. The economic impact of alcohol abuse and alcoholism.
      Personal Author:
      Burke, T R
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):564-568
      Description:
      The economic effects of alcohol abuse are as damaging to the nation as the health effects, affecting the family, the community, and persons of all ages. Underaged drinking is interfering with children's development, affecting the nation's ability to ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.10 MB]
    7. Trends in alcohol-related morbidity and mortality.
      Personal Author:
      Williams, G D; Grant, B F; Stinson, F S; Zobeck, T S; Aitken, S S; Noble, J;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):592-597
      Description:
      Two major trends regarding alcohol use and consequences of alcohol abuse in the United States are showing significant improvement. Continued declines are evident in age-adjusted rates of liver cirrhosis mortality, and per capita alcohol consumption i...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.53 MB]
    8. Raising public awareness about the extent of alcohol-related problems: an overview.
      Personal Author:
      Bowen, O R
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):559-563
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.15 MB]
    9. A perspective on science and public health policy.
      Personal Author:
      Gordis, E
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):575-577
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 899.87 KB]
    10. Biological features of women's alcohol use: a review.
      Personal Author:
      Roman, P M
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):628-637
      Description:
      Sensitivity to gender issues in the research community has generated a modest but growing amount of data on the biological effects of alcohol consumption on women. Data generally indicate that the same amounts of alcohol have greater effects on women...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.02 MB]
    11. Effects of legislative reform to reduce drunken driving and alcohol-related traffic fatalities.
      Personal Author:
      Hingson, R W; Howland, J; Levenson, S;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):659-667
      Description:
      From 1980 through 1985, considerable progress was made across the Nation in reducing drunken driving and fatal automobile crashes. More than 400 chapters of local citizen groups concerned with reducing drunken driving were formed. New media coverage,...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.12 MB]
    12. The Indian Health Service approach to alcoholism among American Indians and Alaska Natives.
      Personal Author:
      Rhoades, E R; Mason, R D; Eddy, P; Smith, E M; Burns, T R;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):621-627
      Description:
      The transfer to the Indian Health Service (IHS) of 158 alcohol treatment programs that had been administered by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism began in 1978. Today, approximately 300 alcohol and substance abuse treatment progr...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.24 MB]
    13. Alcohol problem resources and services in State supported programs, FY 1987.
      Personal Author:
      Butynski, W; Canova, D M;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):611-620
      Description:
      During fiscal year 1987, expenditures for alcohol and drug abuse services in facilities receiving at least some funds from State alcohol and drug agencies totaled $1,809,749,013. Of this total, approximately 51.1 percent was contributed by State gove...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.81 MB]
    14. Alcohol and highway safety in a public health perspective.
      Personal Author:
      Dickman, F B
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):653-658
      Description:
      The Public Health Service and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration share the responsibility for problems related to injury prevention and control regarding the alcohol-impaired operation of motor vehicles. NHTSA activities have evolved ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.44 MB]
    15. Children of alcoholics: helping a vulnerable group.
      Personal Author:
      Woodside, M
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):643-648
      Description:
      There are 28 million children of alcoholics in the United States--1 of every 8 Americans. They are more likely than others to suffer from alcoholism and a wide range of physical, emotional, and mental health problems. It is probable that an inherited...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.34 MB]
    16. Alcohol-related birth defects: an update.
      Personal Author:
      Warren, K R; Bast, R J;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):638-642
      Description:
      Historically, mankind has at least suspected that alcohol was somehow connected with undesirable effects on progeny. In the 18th century, physicians became aware that maternal alcohol consumption resulted in excess fetal and neonatal mortality, low b...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 927.92 KB]
    17. University students' drinking patterns and problems: examining the effects of raising the purchase age.
      Personal Author:
      Engs, R C; Hanson, D J;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):667-673
      Description:
      An extensive review of the literature on college students' drinking patterns and problems since the mid-1930s revealed no radical changes over the past several decades. However, during the past 10 years, drinking and problems related to drinking and ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.57 MB]
    18. The role of alcohol in suicides in Erie County, NY, 1972-84.
      Personal Author:
      Welte, J W; Abel, E L; Wieczorek, W;
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):648-652
      Description:
      A discriminant analysis of the 806 suicide victims in Erie County, NY, from 1972-84, compared those with alcohol in the blood to those without. Thirty-three percent of the victims had alcohol in their blood. Those with blood alcohol present were more...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 791.43 KB]
    19. Public Health Rep
      Published:
      Nov-Dec 1988
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 547.79 KB]
    20. A biobehavioral research perspective on alcohol abuse and alcoholism.
      Personal Author:
      Brady, J V
      Published:
      1988 Nov-Dec
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(6):699-707
      Description:
      An empirical biobehavioral research approach to the conditions generally identified as alcohol abuse and alcoholism emphasizes the temporal ordering of participating biochemical, physiological, and behavioral events that provide an operational basis ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.01 MB]
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