Immune Priming and Long-term Persistence of Memory B Cells After Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine in Macaque Models: Support for at least 2 Doses

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Clin Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Bhaumik, Siddhartha Kumar ; Kulkarni, Raveendra R ; Weldon, William C ; Silveira, Eduardo L V ; Ahmed, Hasan ; Gunisetty, Sivaram ; Chandele, Anmol ; Antia, Rustom ; Verma, Harish ; Sutter, Roland ; Pallansch, Mark A ; Oberste, M Steven ; Villinger, Francois ; Orenstein, Walter ; Murali-Krishna, Kaja
• Description:
  Background
  
  As a risk-mitigation strategy to minimize paralytic polio following withdrawal of Sabin type 2 from the oral poliovirus vaccine in April 2016, a single full dose or 2 fractional doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) are recommended. However, limited knowledge exists on long-term persistence of immune memory following 1- or 2-dose IPV schedules.
  
  Methods
  
  We examined induction and maintenance of immune memory following single- vs 2-dose IPV schedules, either full-dose intramuscular or fractional-dose intradermal, in rhesus macaques. Humoral responses, bone marrow–homing antibody-secreting plasma cells, and blood-circulating/lymph node–homing memory B cells were examined longitudinally.
  
  Results
  
  A single dose of IPV, either full or fractional, induced binding antibodies and memory B cells in all vaccinated macaques, despite failing to induce neutralizing antibodies (NT Abs) in many of them. However, these memory B cells declined rapidly, reaching below detection in the systemic circulation by 5 months; although a low frequency of memory B cells was detectable in draining lymph nodes of some, but not all, animals. By contrast, a 2-dose vaccination schedule, either full or fractional, efficiently induced NT Abs in all animals along with bone marrow–homing plasma cells and memory B cells. These memory B cells persisted in the systemic circulation for up to 16 months, the maximum duration tested after the second dose of vaccination.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Two doses of IPV, regardless of whether fractional or full, are more effective than a single dose for inducing long-lasting memory B cells.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Animals Antibodies, Neutralizing B-Lymphocytes Humans Immunization Schedule Macaca Mulatta Models, Animal Poliomyelitis Poliovirus Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral Vaccination

  More +
• Source:
  Clin Infect Dis. 2018; 67(Suppl 1):S66-S77.
• Pubmed ID:
  30376091
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6206122
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  67
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e74f90a0d57a689b64b397bf1e2d3e2e49ec93e048494345cd3f9b9894ed3782
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/60312/cdc_60312_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 21.12 MB ]