Pediatric norovirus GII.4 infections in Nicaragua, 1999–2015

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Infect Genet Evol
• Personal Author:
  Bucardo, Filemón ; Reyes, Yaoska ; Becker-Dreps, Sylvia ; Bowman, Natalie ; Gruber, Joann F. ; Vinjé, Jan ; Espinoza, Felix ; Paniagua, Margarita ; Balmaseda, Angel ; Svensson, Lennart ; Nordgren, Johan
• Description:
  Objectives
  
  Investigate clinical and epidemiological factors of pediatric GII.4 norovirus infections in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in Nicaragua between 1999 and 2015.
  
  Methods
  
  We retrospectively analyzed laboratory and epidemiologic data from 1,790 children ≤ 7 years with AGE from 6 hospitals in Nicaragua (n = 538), and 3 community clinics (n = 919) and households (n = 333) in León, between 1999 and 2015. Moreover, asymptomatic children from community clinics (n = 162) and households (n = 105) were enrolled. Norovirus was detected by real-time PCR and genotyped by sequencing the N-terminal and shell region of the capsid gene.
  
  Results
  
  Norovirus was found in 19% (n = 338) and 12% (n = 32) of children with and without AGE, respectively. In total, 20 genotypes including a tentatively new genotype were detected. Among children with AGE, the most common genotypes were GII.4 (53%), GII.14 (7%), GII.3 (6%) and GI.3 (6%). In contrast, only one (1.4%) GII.4 was found in asymptomatic children. The prevalence of GII.4 infections was significantly higher in children between 7 and 12 months of age. The prevalence of GII.4 was lowest in households (38%), followed by community clinics (50%) and hospitals (75%). Several different GII.4 variants were detected and their emergence followed the global temporal trend.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Overall our study found the predominance of pediatric GII.4 norovirus infections in Nicaragua mostly occurring in children between 7 and 12 months of age, implicating GII.4 as the main norovirus vaccine target.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Caliciviridae Infections Child Child, Preschool Gastroenteritis Genotype History, 21st Century Humans Incidence Infant Infant, Newborn Nicaragua Norovirus Odds Ratio Public Health Surveillance Retrospective Studies Seasons

  More +
• Keywords:
  Asymptomatic Community GII.4 Pediatric
• Source:
  Infect Genet Evol. 55:305-312
• Pubmed ID:
  28982545
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5911913
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/ ; K01 TW008401/TW/FIC NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  55
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:c7d63272a448a8dfe3bdf79e53afb0f102f6a5a35a1ee08e914c75c4e8d859ee
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/53621/cdc_53621_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.28 MB ]