Bacterial meningitis epidemiology and return of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A cases in Burkina Faso in the five years following MenAfriVac mass vaccination campaign

Details

• Alternative Title:
  PLoS One
• Personal Author:
  Diallo, Alpha Oumar ; Soeters, Heidi M. ; Yameogo, Issaka ; Sawadogo, Guetawendé ; Aké, Flavien ; Lingani, Clément ; Wang, Xin ; Bita, Andre ; Fall, Amadou ; Sangaré, Lassana ; Ouédraogo-Traoré, Rasmata ; Medah, Isaïe ; Bicaba, Brice ; Novak, Ryan T.
• Corporate Authors:
  for the MenAfriNet Consortium
• Description:
  Background
  
  Historically, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (NmA) caused large meningitis epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2010, Burkina Faso became the first country to implement a national meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) campaign. We analyzed nationwide meningitis surveillance data from Burkina Faso for the 5 years following MACV introduction.
  
  Methods
  
  We examined Burkina Faso’s aggregate reporting and national laboratory-confirmed case-based meningitis surveillance data from 2011–2015. We calculated incidence (cases per 100,000 persons), and described reported NmA cases.
  
  Results
  
  In 2011–2015, Burkina Faso reported 20,389 cases of suspected meningitis. A quarter (4,503) of suspected meningitis cases with cerebrospinal fluid specimens were laboratory-confirmed as either S. pneumoniae (57%), N. meningitidis (40%), or H. influenzae (2%). Average adjusted annual national incidence of meningococcal meningitis was 3.8 (range: 2.0–10.2 annually) and was highest among infants aged <1 year (8.4). N. meningitidis serogroup W caused the majority (64%) of meningococcal meningitis among all age groups. Only six confirmed NmA cases were reported in 2011–2015. Five cases were in children who were too young (n = 2) or otherwise not vaccinated (n = 3) during the 2010 MACV mass vaccination campaign; one case had documented MACV receipt, representing the first documented MACV failure.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Meningococcal meningitis incidence in Burkina Faso remains relatively low following MACV introduction. However, a substantial burden remains and NmA transmission has persisted. MACV integration into routine childhood immunization programs is essential to ensure continued protection.
• Subjects:
  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Humans
  • Immunization Programs
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Meningitis, Meningococcal
  More +
• Source:
  PLoS One. 12(11).
• Pubmed ID:
  29095907
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5667755
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Burkina Faso
• Volume:
  12
• Issue:
  11
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/50238/cdc_50238_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.95 MB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:26d2caabde8bf41161a339328b337d8cbe7b207bf510ec727afb4932943db468