Background: The 2014 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander National Health Interview Survey (NHPI NHIS) is the first federal survey designed exclusively to measure the health of the noninstitutionalized civilian NHPI population of the United States. Purpose and Methods: This report assesses the quality of the 2014 NHPI NHIS data, by examining if and how estimates of NHPI population characteristics calculated using the survey’s data differ from estimates of the same characteristics calculated using data from two other sources: the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (the sampling frame for the 2014 NHPI NHIS) and the annual NHIS for combined years 2010–2014. Results: Estimates of 13 of the 18 demographic characteristics were similar. The NHPI NHIS estimate of the percentage of the NHPI population with the marital status “separated” was higher, and the percentage that was Hispanic was lower, relative to corresponding estimates from the other two data sources. The percentages of NHPI households that were rented, had only one NHPI resident, and had at least one Hispanic resident, were lower. Three of the 24 NHPI NHIS population health estimates differed from the same estimates calculated using the 2010–2014 NHIS data, but they mirrored trends in the broader population between 2010 and 2014. Conclusions: The results suggest that the 2014 NHPI NHIS sample, with appropriate caveats, will be useful for estimating prevalence and predictors of health outcomes of NHPI persons in the United States. Suggested citation: Galinsky AM, Zelaya CE, Simile C, Barnes PM. Data quality assessment of the 2014 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander National Health Interview Survey. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(174). 2017. CS278306

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