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Hearing loss in children with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection
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February 16 2017
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Source: Pediatrics. 139(3)
[PDF-249.60 KB]
Details:
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Alternative Title:Pediatrics
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Personal Author:
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Description:Objectives
To assess the prevalence, characteristics, and risk of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) through 18 years of age in children with congenital CMV infection identified through hospital-based newborn screening who were asymptomatic at birth compared to uninfected children.
Methods
We included 92 case-patients and 51 controls assessed using auditory brainstem response and behavioral audiometry. We used Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to estimate prevalence of SNHL, defined as ≥25 dB hearing level (HL) at any frequency, and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to compare SNHL risk between groups.
Results
At the end of follow-up, SNHL prevalence was 25% (95% CI: 17–36%) among case-patients and 8% (95% CI: 3–22%) in controls (hazard ratio (HR): 4.0; 95% CI: 1.2–14.5; p-value=0.02). Among children without SNHL by age 5 years, the risk of delayed-onset SNHL was not significantly greater for case-patients than for controls (HR: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.4–6.1; P=0.5). Among case-patients, the risk of delayed-onset SNHL was significantly greater among those with unilateral congenital/early-onset loss than those without (hazard ratio: 6.9; 95% CI: 2.5–19.1; P<0.01). At the end of follow-up, the prevalence of severe to profound bilateral SNHL among case-patients was 2% (95% CI: 1–9%).
Conclusions
Delayed-onset and progression of SNHL among children with asymptomatic congenital CMV infection continued to occur throughout adolescence. However, the risk of developing SNHL after age 5 years among case-patients was not different than in uninfected children. An estimated 2% of case-patients developed SNHL severe enough to be candidates for cochlear implantation.
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Pubmed ID:28209771
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC5330400
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Volume:139
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Issue:3
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