HIV-associated malignancies in sub-Saharan Africa: progress, challenges, opportunities

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Curr Opin HIV AIDS
• Personal Author:
  Chinula, Lameck ; Moses, Agnes ; Gopal, Satish
• Description:
  Purpose of review
  
  Summarize recent developments for HIV-associated malignancies (HIVAM) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) with particular focus on sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
  
  Recent findings
  
  Antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up is leading to epidemiologic transitions in LMIC similar to high-income countries, with aging and growth of HIV-infected populations, declining infectious deaths, increasing cancer deaths, and transitions from AIDS-defining cancers (ADC) to non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC). Despite ART scale-up, HIVAM burden remains high including enormous ADC burden in SSA. For Kaposi sarcoma (KS), patients treated with ART and chemotherapy can experience good outcomes even in rural SSA, but KS heterogeneity remains insufficiently understood including virologic, immunologic, and inflammatory features which may be unique to LMIC. For cervical cancer, scale-up of prevention efforts including vaccination and screening is underway, with benefits already apparent despite continuing high disease burden. For non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), curative treatment is possible in the ART era even in SSA, and multifaceted approaches can improve outcomes further. For many other prevalent HIVAM, care and research efforts are being established to guide treatment and prevention specifically in LMIC.
  
  Summary
  
  Sustained investment for HIVAM in LMIC can help catalyze a cancer care and research agenda which benefits HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients worldwide.
  
  
• Keywords:
  Africa South Of The Sahara Cervical Cancer HIV-associated Malignancies HIV Infections Humans Kaposi Sarcoma Low- And Middle-income Countries Neoplasms Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Sub-Saharan Africa Treatment Outcome

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• Source:
  Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 12(1):89-95
• Pubmed ID:
  27607593
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5241291
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  K01 TW009488/TW/FIC NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U54 CA190152/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R25 TW009340/TW/FIC NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P20 CA210285/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P30 CA016086/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U2G PS001965/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHSUnited States/ ; UM1 CA121947/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 CA121947/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R21 CA180815/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  12
• Issue:
  1
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:dc7678134480915641458cad34289df9f50de21abdea3d923f87b0b71a621a43
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/43904/cdc_43904_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 69.62 KB ]