Prevalence and Correlates of Genital Infections Among Newly Diagnosed Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Adults Entering Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care in Windhoek, Namibia

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Sex Transm Dis
• Personal Author:
  Djomand, Gaston ; Schlefer, Madeleine ; Gutreuter, Steve ; Tobias, Sarah ; Patel, Roopal ; DeLuca, Nickolas ; Hood, Julia ; Sawadogo, Souleymane ; Chen, Cheng ; Muadinohamba, Alexinah ; Lowrance, David W. ; Bock, Naomi
• Description:
  Background
  
  Identifying and treating genital infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STI), among newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals may benefit both public and individual health. We assessed prevalence of genital infections and their correlates among newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals enrolling in HIV care services in Namibia.
  
  Methods
  
  Newly diagnosed HIV-infected adults entering HIV care at 2 health facilities in Windhoek, Namibia, were recruited from December 2012 to March 2014. Participants provided behavioral and clinical data including CD4+ T lymphocyte counts. Genital and blood specimens were tested for gonorrhea, Chlamydia, trichomoniasis, Mycoplasma genitalium, syphilis, bacterial vaginosis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis.
  
  Results
  
  Among 599 adults, 56% were women and 15% reported consistent use of condoms in the past 6 months. The most common infections were bacterial vaginosis (37.2%), trichomoniasis (34.6%) and Chlamydia (14.6%) in women and M. genitalium (11.4%) in men. Correlates for trichomoniasis included being female (adjusted relative risk, [aRR], 7.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.07–12.65), higher education (aRR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38–0.89), and lower CD4 cell count (aRR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.08–2.40). Being female (aRR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.27–4.50), nonmarried (aRR, 2.30; (95% CI, 1.28–4.14), and having condomless sex (aRR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.06–7.00) were independently associated with chlamydial infection. Across all infections, female (aRR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.79–2.98), nonmarried participants (aRR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.06–1.59), had higher risk to present with any STI, whereas pregnant women (aRR, 1.16, 95% CI 1.03–1.31) were at increased risk of any STI or reproductive tract infection.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Coinfection Condoms Female Genital Diseases, Female Genital Diseases, Male HIV Infections Humans Male Pregnancy Prevalence Risk Factors Sexual Behavior Sexually Transmitted Diseases

  More +
• Source:
  Sex Transm Dis. 43(11):698-705.
• Pubmed ID:
  27893600
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5206658
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  U36 CD300430/CD/ODCDC CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  Namibia
• Volume:
  43
• Issue:
  11
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:1af364b8455ce250d29b9ea9332497113930f1f42db10139f4e773169c8d5c21
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/43586/cdc_43586_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 376.95 KB ]