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Microtia-Anotia: A Global Review of Prevalence Rates
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9 2011
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Source: Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 91(9):813-822
[PDF-768.68 KB]
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Alternative Title:Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol
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Description:Background
There are few published studies on microtia-anotia frequency.
Methods
Using data from birth defects surveillance programs around the world, we conducted a systematic review on the frequency of microtia-anotia to further explore the differences in prevalence across countries. Ninety-two birth defects surveillance programs were evaluated with a total of 8,917 cases of microtia-anotia. We computed the prevalence per 10,000 births for each surveillance program for total cases of microtia-anotia (microtia types I to IV), microtia (types I to III), and anotia (type IV). Prevalence ratios were calculated by large geographical areas, race/ethnicity, and by surveillance methodologies.
Results
The overall prevalence were for microtia-anotia 2.06 (CI: 2.02–2.10), for microtia 1.55 (CI: 1.50–1.60), and for anotia 0.36 (CI: 0.34–0.38). Higher prevalence was observed in the Americas, Northern Europe and Asia, among Hispanics and Asians, and among active ascertainment and hospital-based surveillance programs.
Conclusions
We observed marked variation in the prevalence of microtia-anotia across surveillance programs and within countries. These results must be interpreted cautiously as this variability may be explained mainly by differences in surveillance methods. However, given the magnitude of some of the differences, other factors may also be involved. This study contributes to the knowledge on the prevalence of microtia-anotia by providing a critical analysis of the existing data. In addition, it supports the need for a coding system that allows complete phenotype characterization of microtia-anotia, including severity and laterality; as well as further studies on the variation of its frequency related to race and ethnicity.
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Pubmed ID:21656661
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC3405852
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