Urinary concentrations of PAH and VOC metabolites in marijuana users

Wei, Binnian; Alwis, K. Udeni; Li, Zheng; Wang, Lanqing; Valentin-Blasini, Liza; Sosnoff, Connie S.; Xia, Yang; Conway, Kevin P.; Blount, Benjamin C.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.12.003

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Urinary concentrations of PAH and VOC metabolites in marijuana users

Published Date:

Dec 12 2015

Publisher's site:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2015.12.003 New Site Icon

Source:

Environ Int. 88:1-8.

Language:

English

[PDF-848.67 KB]

Details:

Alternative Title:

Environ Int

Personal Author:

Wei, Binnian ; Alwis, K. Udeni ; Li, Zheng ; Wang, Lanqing ; Valentin-Blasini, Liza ; ... More ▼

Description:

Background

Marijuana is seeing increased therapeutic use, and is the world’s third most-popular recreational drug following alcohol and tobacco. This widening use poses increased exposure to potentially toxic combustion by-products from marijuana smoke and the potential for public health concerns.

Objectives

To compare urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among self-reported recent marijuana users and nonusers, while accounting for tobacco smoke exposure.

Methods

Measurements of PAH and VOC metabolites in urine samples were combined with questionnaire data collected from participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2005 to 2012 in order to categorize participants (≥18 years) into exclusive recent marijuana users and nonusers. Adjusted geometric means (GMs) of urinary concentrations were computed for these groups using multiple regression analyses to adjust for potential confounders.

Results

Adjusted GMs of many individual monohydroxy PAHs (OH-PAHs) were significantly higher in recent marijuana users than in nonusers (p < 0.05). Urinary thiocyanate (p < 0.001) and urinary concentrations of many VOC metabolites, including metabolites of acrylonitrile (p < 0.001) and acrylamide (p < 0.001), were significantly higher in recent marijuana users than in nonusers.

Conclusions

We found elevated levels of biomarkers for potentially harmful chemicals among self-identified, recent marijuana users compared with nonusers. These findings suggest that further studies are needed to evaluate the potential health risks to humans from the exposure to these agents when smoking marijuana.

Subject:

[+]

Pubmed ID:

26690539

Pubmed Central ID:

PMC5024567

Document Type:

Journal Article

Funding:

CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States

Collection(s):

CDC Public Access

Main Document Checksum:

[+]

Supporting Files:

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