Details:

Alternative Title:
Anal Bioanal Chem
Personal Author:
Bever, Candace S. ; Dong, Jie-Xian ; Vasylieva, Natalia ; Barnych, Bogdan ; Cui, Yongliang ; ... More +
Bever, Candace S. ; Dong, Jie-Xian ; Vasylieva, Natalia ; Barnych, Bogdan ; Cui, Yongliang ; Xu, Zhen-Lin ; Hammock, Bruce D. ; Gee, Shirley J. Less -
Description:
A VHH antibody (or nanobody) is the antigen binding fragment of heavy chain only antibodies. Discovered nearly 25 years ago, they have been investigated for their use in clinical therapeutics and immunodiagnostics, and more recently for environmental monitoring applications. A new and valuable immunoreagent for the analysis of small molecular weight environmental chemicals, VHH will overcome many pitfalls encountered with conventional reagents. In the work so far, VHH antibodies often perform comparably to conventional antibodies for small molecule analysis, are amenable to numerous genetic engineering techniques, and show ease of adaption to other immunodiagnostic platforms for use in environmental monitoring. Recent reviews cover the structure and production of VHH antibodies as well as their use in clinical settings. However, no report focuses on the use of these VHH antibodies to detect small environmental chemicals (MW < 1500 Da). This review article summarizes the efforts made to produce VHHs to various environmental targets, compares the VHH-based assays with conventional antibody assays, and discusses the advantages and limitations in developing these new antibody reagents particularly to small molecule targets. Graphical Abstract Overview of the production of VHHs to small environmental chemicals and highlights of the utility of these new emerging reagents.
Subject:
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Article
Biosensors
Environmental Chemicals
Genetic Modifications
Production
Sensitivity
VHH Antibodies

Source:
Anal Bioanal Chem. 408(22):5985-6002.
Pubmed ID:
27209591
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC4983233
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
P30 ES023513/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; P42 ES004699/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; U54 NS079202/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States ; U54 OH007550/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
P30 ES023513/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; P42 ES004699/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; U54 NS079202/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States ; U54 OH007550/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States Less -
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:91fe642ba1b12e9f461dee72aa5c9bbcef420325b449d22360f6ebff1e887e2b
File Type:

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