Dissecting How CD4 T Cells Are Lost During HIV Infection

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Cell Host Microbe
• Personal Author:
  Doitsh, Gilad ; Greene, Warner C.
• Description:
  Although the replicative life cycle of HIV within CD4 T cells is understood in molecular detail, less is known about how this human retrovirus promotes the loss of CD4 T lymphocytes. It is this cell death process that drives clinical progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Recent studies have highlighted how abortive infection of resting and thus nonpermissive CD4 T cells in lymphoid tissues triggers a lethal innate immune response against the incomplete DNA products generated by inefficient viral reverse transcription in these cells. Sensing of these DNA fragments results in pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory form of programmed cell death, that potentially further perpetuates chronic inflammation and immune activation. As discussed here, these studies cast CD4 T cell death during HIV infection in a different light. Further, they identify drug targets that may be exploited to both block CD4 T cell demise and the chronic inflammatory response generated during pyroptosis.
• Subjects:
  CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes DNA, Viral HIV HIV Infections Humans Immune Tolerance Pyroptosis
• Source:
  Cell Host Microbe. 19(3):280-291
• Pubmed ID:
  26962940
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4835240
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  1DP1036502/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHSUnited States/ ; P30 AI027763/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R21 AI102782/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U19 AI0961133/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U19 AI096113/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R21AI102782/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; DP1 DA036502/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  19
• Issue:
  3
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:3b4451c6e1662d0793330870bb0dc639c076377e1b3b570178dedb317f3c773c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/40282/cdc_40282_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.05 MB ]