Details:

Personal Author:
Nicholson, Janet K. A., 1948- ; McDougal, J. Steven ; Hearn, Thomas L. ; Collins, Carlyn L. ; Velleca, Wallis M. ; ... More +
Nicholson, Janet K. A., 1948- ; McDougal, J. Steven ; Hearn, Thomas L. ; Collins, Carlyn L. ; Velleca, Wallis M. ; Jones, Wanda K. ; Gerber, A. Russell ; Less -
Corporate Authors:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). Public Health Practice Program Office. ; National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.) ; National Center for Prevention Services (U.S.) ;
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). Public Health Practice Program Office. ; National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.) ; National Center for Prevention Services (U.S.) ; Less -
Description:
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended that all donated blood be screened for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) beginning no later than June 1, 1992. This article provides CDC recommendations for the DIAGNOSIS of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in persons being tested in settings other than blood centers and CDC/FDA guidelines for serologic testing with combination HIV-1/HIV-2 screening enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). Epidemiologic data indicate that the prevalence of HIV-2 infections in persons in the United States is extremely low. Therefore, CDC does not recommend routine testing for HIV-2 in settings other than blood centers. However, when HIV testing is indicated, tests for antibodies to both HIV-1 and HIV-2 should be obtained if epidemiologic risk factors for HIV-2 infection are present, if clinical evidence exists for HIV disease in the absence of a positive test for antibodies to HIV-1, or if HIV-1 Western blot results exhibit the unusual indeterminate pattern of gag plus pol bands in the absence of env bands. The following procedures are recommended if testing for both HIV-1 and HIV-2 is performed by means of a combination HIV-1/HIV-2 EIA. A repeatedly reactive specimen by HIV-1/HIV-2 EIA should be tested by HIV-1 Western blot (or another licensed HIV-1 supplemental test). A positive result by HIV-1 Western blot confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV, and testing for HIV-2 is recommended only if HIV-2 risk factors are present. If the HIV-1 Western blot result is negative or indeterminate, an HIV-2 EIA should be performed. If the HIV-2 EIA is positive, an HIV-2 supplemental test should be performed.
Subject:
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
HIV Infections
Humans
Immunophenotyping
Quality Control
Specimen Handling

Source:
MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control. 1994; 43(RR-3):1-21.
Pubmed ID:
7908403
Document Type:
Journal Issue ;
Place as Subject:
United States ;
Collection(s):
Guidelines and Recommendations
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:62082618a944f3e0eed28c48b0f6f48263d1bf48068e82fe7ccddc5c0a9be8b1
File Type:

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