Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Psychiatric Comorbidity: Functional Outcomes in a School-Based Sample of Children

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Atten Disord
• Personal Author:
  Cuffe, Steven P. ; Visser, Susanna N. ; Holbrook, Joseph R. ; Danielson, Melissa L. ; Geryk, Lorie L. ; Wolraich, Mark L. ; McKeown, Robert E.
• Description:
  Objective ; Investigate prevalence and impact of psychiatric comorbidities in community-based samples of schoolchildren with/without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ; Method ; Teachers and parents screened children in South Carolina (SC; n=4,604) and Oklahoma (OK; n=12,626) for ADHD. Parents of high-screen and selected low-screen children received diagnostic interviews (SC: n=479; OK: n=577). ; Results ; Psychiatric disorders were increased among children with ADHD and were associated with low academic performance. Conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder (CD/ODD) were associated with grade retention (ODD/CD+ADHD: OR=3.0; CI=1.5-5.9; ODD/CD without ADHD: OR=4.0; CI=1.7-9.7). School discipline/police involvement was associated with ADHD alone (OR=3.2; CI=1.5-6.8), ADHD+CD/ODD (OR=14.4, CI=7.3-27.1), ADHD+anxiety/depression (OR=4.8, CI=1.6-14.8) and CD/ODD alone (OR=2.8, CI=1.2-6.4). Children with ADHD+anxiety/depression had ten-fold risk for poor academic performance (odds ratio (OR)=10.8; CI=2.4-49.1). This should be interpreted with caution due to the wide confidence interval. ; Conclusion ; Most children with ADHD have psychiatric comorbidities, which worsens functional outcomes. The pattern of outcomes varies by type of comorbidity.
• Subjects:
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
  • Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
  • Child
  • Comorbidity
  • Conduct Disorder
  • Humans
  • Schools
  • South Carolina
• Source:
  J Atten Disord. 24(9):1345-1354
• Pubmed ID:
  26610741
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4879105
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Place as Subject:
  Oklahoma ; South Carolina
• Volume:
  24
• Issue:
  9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/39618/cdc_39618_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 117.03 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e96cd6738935bb623a565b9488800561df8128a7ee1eaa301b4a7c85ce58558d