Details:

Alternative Title:
N Engl J Med
Personal Author:
Griffin, Marie R. ; Zhu, Yuwei ; Moore, Matthew R. ; Whitney, Cynthia G. ; Grijalva, Carlos G.
Griffin, Marie R. ; Zhu, Yuwei ; Moore, Matthew R. ; Whitney, Cynthia G. ; Grijalva, Carlos G. Less -
Description:
Background

The introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into the US childhood immunization schedule in 2000 has substantially reduced vaccine-serotype invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in both young children and unvaccinated older children and adults. All-cause pneumonia hospitalizations also markedly declined in young children by 2004. Because of concern about increases in disease caused by non-vaccine serotypes, we assessed whether the pneumonia reduction in young children was sustained through 2009 and whether pneumonia hospitalizations in older age groups also declined.

Methods

Annual all-cause pneumonia hospitalization rates were estimated using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Pneumonia hospitalizations were defined by pneumonia listed first or listed in another position if sepsis, meningitis or empyema was the first listed diagnosis. Average annual rates in pre-PCV7 (1997–1999) and late PCV7 years (2007–2009) were used to estimate annual declines in pneumonia hospitalizations.

Results

Annual pneumonia hospitalization rates declined by 551.1 (95% confidence interval 445.1–657.1) per 100,000 children aged <2 years, translating to 47,172 fewer hospitalizations annually compared to expected based on pre-PCV7 rates. The decline of 1300.8 (984.0–1617.6) pneumonia hospitalizations per 100,000 adults aged ≥85 years translated to 73,243 fewer hospitalizations annually. Pneumonia hospitalizations declined by 8.4 (0.6–16.2), 85.3 (7.0–163.6), and 359.8 (199.6–520.0) per 100,000 adults aged 18–39, 65–74 and 75–84 years, respectively. Overall, we estimated an age-adjusted annual reduction of 54.8 (41.1–68.5) per 100,000 or 168,182 fewer pneumonia hospitalizations annually.

Conclusions

Declines in childhood pneumonia were sustained during the decade since PCV7 introduction. Substantial reductions in pneumonia hospitalizations in adults were also observed.


Subjects:
[+]
Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 And Over Article Child Child, Preschool Hospitalization Humans Infant Middle Aged Pneumococcal Vaccines Pneumonia Young Adult
Source:
N Engl J Med. 369(2):155-163.
Pubmed ID:
23841730
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC4877190
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
11-IPA1110211/PHS HHS/United States ; 12-IPA1210402/PHS HHS/United States ; CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
11-IPA1110211/PHS HHS/United States ; 12-IPA1210402/PHS HHS/United States ; CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States Less -
Place as Subject:
United States
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:9f0c3f4ed2de8bcf0c1dfddac24f24e8e8093944c39237d0ca2e02f52e228704
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/39579/cdc_39579_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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