Nipah Virus Transmission from Bats to Humans Associated with Drinking Traditional Liquor Made from Date Palm Sap, Bangladesh, 2011–2014

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Emerg Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Islam, M. Saiful ; Sazzad, Hossain M.S. ; Satter, Syed Moinuddin ; Sultana, Sharmin ; Hossain, M. Jahangir ; Hasan, Murshid ; Rahman, Mahmudur ; Campbell, Shelley ; Cannon, Deborah L. ; Ströher, Ute ; Daszak, Peter ; Luby, Stephen P. ; Gurley, Emily S.
• Description:
  Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus, and Pteropus spp. bats are the natural reservoir. From December 2010 through March 2014, hospital-based encephalitis surveillance in Bangladesh identified 18 clusters of NiV infection. The source of infection for case-patients in 3 clusters in 2 districts was unknown. A team of epidemiologists and anthropologists investigated these 3 clusters comprising 14 case-patients, 8 of whom died. Among the 14 case-patients, 8 drank fermented date palm sap (tari) regularly before their illness, and 6 provided care to a person infected with NiV. The process of preparing date palm trees for tari production was similar to the process of collecting date palm sap for fresh consumption. Bat excreta was reportedly found inside pots used to make tari. These findings suggest that drinking tari is a potential pathway of NiV transmission. Interventions that prevent bat access to date palm sap might prevent tari-associated NiV infection.
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Alcohol Drinking/adverse Effects Alcoholic Beverages/adverse Effects Alcoholic Beverages/virology* Animals Antibodies, Viral/blood Child Child, Preschool Chiroptera/virology Disease Outbreaks Disease Reservoirs/virology Encephalitis, Viral/etiology Encephalitis, Viral/mortality Encephalitis, Viral/transmission Encephalitis, Viral/virology Epidemiological Monitoring Feces/virology Henipavirus Infections/etiology Henipavirus Infections/mortality Henipavirus Infections/transmission Henipavirus Infections/virology Humans Immunoglobulin G/blood Immunoglobulin M/blood Infant Middle Aged Nipah Virus/genetics Nipah Virus/isolation & Purification Nipah Virus/pathogenicity Research Survival Analysis

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• Source:
  Emerg Infect Dis. 22(4):664-670.
• Pubmed ID:
  26981928
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4806957
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  07-015-0712-52200/PHS HHS/United States ; 5U01CI000628-01/CI/NCPDCID CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  Bangladesh
• Location:
  Asia
• Volume:
  22
• Issue:
  4
• Collection(s):
  Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e9e8a1c24d9c141797726529c4ec9b17c83de67b0dfe7945c600eed5d054747c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/38728/cdc_38728_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 442.38 KB ]