Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of fractures: an updated meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Osteoporos Int
• Personal Author:
  Weaver, C. M. ; Alexander, D. D. ; Boushey, C. J. ; Dawson-Hughes, B. ; Lappe, J. M. ; LeBoff, M. S. ; Liu, S. ; Looker, A. C. ; Wallace, T. C. ; Wang, D. D.
• Description:
  Summary ; The aim was to meta-analyze randomized controlled trials of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention. Meta-analysis showed a significant 15 % reduced risk of total fractures (summary relative risk estimate SRRE, 0.85; 95 % confidence interval CI, 0.73–0.98) and a 30 % reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95 % CI, 0.56–0.87). ; Introduction ; Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation has been widely recommended to prevent osteoporosis and subsequent fractures; however, considerable controversy exists regarding the association of such supplementation and fracture risk. The aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials RCTs of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention in adults. ; Methods ; A PubMed literature search was conducted for the period from July 1, 2011 through July 31, 2015. RCTs reporting the effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on fracture incidence were selected from English-language studies. Qualitative and quantitative information was extracted; random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to generate summary relative risk estimates (SRREs) for total and hip fractures. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic, and potential for publication bias was assessed. ; Results ; Of the citations retrieved, eight studies including 30,970 participants met criteria for inclusion in the primary analysis, reporting 195 hip fractures and 2231 total fractures. Meta-analysis of all studies showed that calcium plus vitamin D supplementation produced a statistically significant 15 % reduced risk of total fractures (SRRE, 0.85; 95 % confidence interval CI, 0.73–0.98) and a 30 % reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95 % CI, 0.56–0.87). Numerous sensitivity and subgroup analyses produced similar summary associations. A limitation is that this study utilized data from subgroup analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative. ; Conclusions ; This meta-analysis of RCTs supports the use of calcium plus vitamin D supplements as an intervention for fracture risk reduction in both community-dwelling and institutionalized middle-aged to older adults.
• Subjects:
  • Original Article
  • Calcium
  • Fracture
  • Supplement
  • Vitamin D
• Source:
  Osteoporos Int. 27:367-376.
• Pubmed ID:
  26510847
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4715837
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  27
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/38124/cdc_38124_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 541.62 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:ed43779d9601efcefb763e34d528dd0a1fa2554be8726da3bb654c225dbb6002