Details:

Alternative Title:
NIOSH skin notation profile
Personal Author:
Hudson, Naomi ; Dotson, G. Scott
Hudson, Naomi ; Dotson, G. Scott Less -
Corporate Authors:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Description:
As the largest organ of the body, the skin performs multiple critical functions, such as serving as the primary barrier to the external environment. For this reason, the skin is often exposed to potentially hazardous agents, including chemicals, which may contribute to the onset of a spectrum of adverse health effects ranging from localized damage (e.g., irritant contact dermatitis and corrosion) to induction of immune-mediated responses (e.g., allergic contact dermatitis and pulmonary responses), or systemic toxicity (e.g., neurotoxicity and hepatoxicity). Understanding the hazards related to skin contact with chemicals is a critical component of modern occupational safety and health programs.

No toxicokinetic data were identified that estimated the degree of absorption of TEPP through the skin following dermal exposure; however, the mathematical model predicted that TEPP was dermally absorbed. Acute toxicity studies in rats [Gaines 1969; E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company 1977a, 1977b] and two case reports [Faust 1949; Reeder and Whittier 1961] indicate that TEPP is systemically available, may cause systemic effects (such as AChE inhibition, including fatality), and is potentially fatal following dermal exposure. No occupational exposure studies or case reports and no standard skin irritation tests were identified that evaluated the potential of TEPP to cause direct skin effects. Slight skin irritation was noted in acute toxicity tests in rabbits [E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company 1977a, 1977b]; however the vehicle used in these studies, acetone, has been noted to be a mild irritant. Therefore, these data are insufficient to assign the SK: DIR notation. In addition, no diagnostic (human) patch tests or predictive tests in animals were identified that evaluated the potential of TEPP to cause skin sensitization. Therefore, on the basis of these assessments, TEPP is assigned a composite skin notation of SK: SYS (FATAL).

Suggested citation: NIOSH [2015]. NIOSH skin notation profile: Tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP). By Hudson NL, Dotson GS. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2015-228.

NIOSHTIC No 20046819

f15_snp_2015-228.pdf


Subject:
[+]
Dermatitis, Occupational
Diphosphates
Environmental Exposure
Hazardous Substances/adverse Effects
Occupational Exposure
Skin Absorption
Skin Diseases/chemically Induced
Sulfotepp

Series:
DHHS publication ; no. (NIOSH) 2015-228
Document Type:
Report
Collection(s):
Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library collection
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:fcc295d4b7ad3e57bf1d2611d0b8029c99246791d50b5a3f84cc06232ac961f7
File Type:

Supporting Files

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