Determining the effectiveness of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus hospitalizations and emergency department visits using two study designs

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Vaccine
• Personal Author:
  Donauer, Stephanie ; Payne, Daniel C. ; Edwards, Kathryn M. ; Szilagyi, Peter G. ; Hornung, Richard W. ; Weinberg, Geoffrey A. ; Chappell, James ; Hall, Caroline B. ; Parashar, Umesh D. ; Staat, Mary Allen
• Description:
  The objective of this study is to determine the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) for preventing rotavirus-related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits during the 2006-07 and 2007-08 rotavirus seasons using two study designs. Active, prospective population-based surveillance was conducted to identify cases of laboratory-confirmed rotavirus-related hospitalizations and ED visits to be used in case-cohort and case-control designs. VE was calculated using one comparison group for the case-cohort method and two comparison groups for the case-control method. The VE estimates produced by the three analyses were similar. Three doses of RV5 were effective for preventing rotavirus-related hospitalizations and ED visits in each analysis, with VE estimated as 92% in all three analyses. Two doses of RV5 were also effective, with VE ranging from 79% to 83%. A single dose was effective in the case-cohort analysis, but was not significant in either of the case-control analyses. The case-cohort and the case-control study designs produced the same VE point estimates for completion of the three dose series. Two and three doses of RV5 were effective in preventing rotavirus-related hospitalizations and ED visits.
• Subjects:
  Article Case-cohort Studies Case-control Studies Child Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Emergency Service, Hospital Female Gastroenteritis Hospitalization Humans Immunization Infant Male Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Rotavirus Rotavirus Infections Rotavirus Vaccines Vaccination Vaccines, Attenuated

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• Source:
  Vaccine. 31(24):2692-2697.
• Pubmed ID:
  23583814
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4618546
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; Ohio ; Tennessee
• Volume:
  31
• Issue:
  24
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:8a4dcbcafa5e512947aa1040bb60c0f8fe168dbb5bbd222c39521e4c66786c69
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/35323/cdc_35323_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 198.10 KB ]