CDC STACKS serves as an archival repository of CDC-published products including scientific findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other public health information authored or co-authored by CDC or funded partners.
As a repository, CDC STACKS retains documents in their original published format to ensure public access to scientific information.
i
Sodium and potassium intakes among US infants and preschool children, 2003–201023
-
10 2013
-
-
Source: Am J Clin Nutr. 98(4):1113-1122
[PDF-368.86 KB]
Details:
-
Alternative Title:Am J Clin Nutr
-
Personal Author:
-
Description:Background
Data are limited on usual sodium and potassium intakes relative to age-specific recommendations and the sodium:potassium ratio in infants and preschoolers, especially among those aged <2 y, who are black or breastfed.
Objective
The usual sodium intake above the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs), potassium intakes above Adequate Intakes (AIs), the sodium:potassium ratio, and sodium density (mg/kcal) among US infants and preschoolers by age group, as applicable, were estimated and compared by race-ethnicity and current breastfeeding status.
Design
Data were analyzed among 3 groups of children (aged 7–11 mo, 1–3 y, and 4–5 y) from the NHANES 2003–2010 by using measurement error models.
Results
Seventy-nine percent of children aged 1–3 y and 87% of those aged 4–5 y exceeded their sodium UL; among non-Hispanic black children, the estimates were 84% and 97%, respectively. For potassium, 97% of infants, 5% of children aged 1–3 y, and 0.4% aged 4–5 y met their AIs. Compared with non-Hispanic whites and Mexican Americans, non-Hispanic black infants and preschoolers had higher mean sodium density and sodium:potassium ratios. Currently breastfed infants and children consumed, on average, less sodium than those who were not breastfed (382 ± 53 compared with 538 ± 22 mg in those aged 7–11 mo and 1154 ± 88 compared with 1985 ± 24 mg in those aged 1–3 y, respectively), but the sodium:potassium ratio did not differ.
Conclusions
Most US preschoolers, particularly non-Hispanic blacks, consume too much sodium, and nearly all do not consume enough potassium. Data that suggest that currently breastfed infants consume less sodium than do those who are not breastfeeding merit further investigation.
-
Subjects:
-
Source:
-
Pubmed ID:23966425
-
Pubmed Central ID:PMC4559260
-
Document Type:
-
Funding:
-
Place as Subject:
-
Volume:98
-
Issue:4
-
Collection(s):
-
Main Document Checksum:
-
Download URL:
-
File Type:
