Airborne particles of the california central valley alter the lungs of healthy adult rats.

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Environ Health Perspect
• Personal Author:
  Smith, Kevin R ; Kim, Seongheon ; Recendez, Julian J ; Teague, Stephen V ; Ménache, Margaret G ; Grubbs, David E ; Sioutas, Constantinos ; Pinkerton, Kent E
• Description:
  Epidemiologic studies have shown that airborne particulate matter (PM) with a mass median aerodynamic diameter < 10 microm (PM10) is associated with an increase in respiratory-related disease. However, there is a growing consensus that particles < 2.5 microm (PM2.5), including many in the ultrafine (< 0.1 microm) size range, may elicit greater adverse effects. PM is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds; however, those components or properties responsible for biologic effects on the respiratory system have yet to be determined. During the fall and winter of 2000-2001, healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed in six separate experiments to filtered air or combined fine (PM2.5) and ultrafine portions of ambient PM in Fresno, California, enhanced approximately 20-fold above outdoor levels. The intent of these studies was to determine if concentrated fine/ultrafine fractions of PM are cytotoxic and/or proinflammatory in the lungs of healthy adult rats. Exposures were for 4 hr/day for 3 consecutive days. The mean mass concentration of particles ranged from 190 to 847 microg/m3. PM was enriched primarily with ammonium nitrate, organic and elemental carbon, and metals. Viability of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from rats exposed to concentrated PM was significantly decreased during 4 of 6 weeks, compared with rats exposed to filtered air (p< 0.05). Total numbers of BAL cells were increased during 1 week, and neutrophil numbers were increased during 2 weeks. These observations strongly suggest exposure to enhanced concentrations of ambient fine/ultrafine particles in Fresno is associated with mild, but significant, cellular effects in the lungs of healthy adult rats.
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants Animals Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Environmental Exposure Lung Male Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Research Article
• Source:
  Environ Health Perspect. 111(7):902-908.
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  ES05707/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; OH07750/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  California
• Volume:
  111
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20029245
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f1cfd400e959afbeadd9022e8ac7a2144b90f3e91be89b406a977ce4919ce2101dc3e477f548b0cc173ab1f5fde1174780389f2dde895a990df8b16e78436932
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/30994/cdc_30994_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 231.44 KB ]