Prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Among Children and Adolescents From 2001 to 2009

Details

• Alternative Title:
  JAMA
• Personal Author:
  Dabelea, Dana ; Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J. ; Saydah, Sharon ; Imperatore, Giuseppina ; Linder, Barbara ; Divers, Jasmin ; Bell, Ronny ; Badaru, Angela ; Talton, Jennifer W. ; Crume, Tessa ; Liese, Angela D. ; Merchant, Anwar T. ; Lawrence, Jean M. ; Reynolds, Kristi ; Dolan, Lawrence ; Liu, Lenna L. ; Hamman, Richard F.
• Description:
  IMPORTANCE
  
  Despite concern about an “epidemic,” there are limited data on trends in prevalence of either type 1 or type 2 diabetes across US race and ethnic groups.
  
  OBJECTIVE
  
  To estimate changes in the prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in US youth, by sex, age, and race/ethnicity between 2001 and 2009.
  
  DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
  
  Case patients were ascertained in 4 geographic areas and 1 managed health care plan. The study population was determined by the 2001 and 2009 bridged-race intercensal population estimates for geographic sites and membership counts for the health plan.
  
  MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
  
  Prevalence (per 1000) of physician-diagnosed type 1 diabetes in youth aged 0 through 19 years and type 2 diabetes in youth aged 10 through 19 years.
  
  RESULTS
  
  In 2001, 4958 of 3.3 million youth were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes for a prevalence of 1.48 per 1000 (95% CI, 1.44–1.52). In 2009, 6666 of 3.4 million youth were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes for a prevalence of 1.93 per 1000 (95% CI, 1.88–1.97). In 2009, the highest prevalence of type 1 diabetes was 2.55 per 1000 among white youth (95% CI, 2.48–2.62) and the lowest was 0.35 per 1000 in American Indian youth (95% CI, 0.26–0.47) and type 1 diabetes increased between 2001 and 2009 in all sex, age, and race/ethnic subgroups except for those with the lowest prevalence (age 0–4 years and American Indians). Adjusted for completeness of ascertainment, there was a 21.1% (95% CI, 15.6%–27.0%) increase in type 1 diabetes over 8 years. In 2001, 588 of 1.7 million youth were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for a prevalence of 0.34 per 1000 (95% CI, 0.31–0.37). In 2009, 819 of 1.8 million were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for a prevalence of 0.46 per 1000 (95% CI, 0.43–0.49). In 2009, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 1.20 per 1000 among American Indian youth (95% CI, 0.96–1.51); 1.06 per 1000 among black youth (95% CI, 0.93–1.22); 0.79 per 1000 among Hispanic youth (95% CI, 0.70–0.88); and 0.17 per 1000 among white youth (95% CI, 0.15–0.20). Significant increases occurred between 2001 and 2009 in both sexes, all age-groups, and in white, Hispanic, and black youth, with no significant changes for Asian Pacific Islanders and American Indians. Adjusted for completeness of ascertainment, there was a 30.5% (95% CI, 17.3%–45.1%) overall increase in type 2 diabetes.
  
  CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
  
  Between 2001 and 2009 in 5 areas of the United States, the prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents increased. Further studies are required to determine the causes of these increases.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Black Or African American Child Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Hispanic Or Latino Humans Indians, North American Infant Infant, Newborn Prevalence White People Young Adult

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• Source:
  JAMA. 2014; 311(17):1778-1786.
• Pubmed ID:
  24794371
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4368900
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  1U18DP002709/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; 200-2010-35171/PHS HHS/United States ; 8 UL1 TR000077/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; DP-05-069/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; DP-10-001/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; P30 DK57516/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States ; PA00097/PHS HHS/United States ; U01 DP000244/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U01 DP000246/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U01 DP000247/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U01 DP000248/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U01 DP000250/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U01 DP000254/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U18 DP003256/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U18DP000247-06A1/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U18DP002708-01/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U18DP002710-01/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U18DP002714/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States ; U48/CCU419249/PHS HHS/United States ; U48/CCU519239/PHS HHS/United States ; U48/CCU819241-3/PHS HHS/United States ; U48/CCU919219/PHS HHS/United States ; U58/CCU019235-4/PHS HHS/United States ; UL1 RR029882/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States ; UL1 TR000154/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; UL1 TR000423/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; UL1 TR00423/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; UL1RR029882/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Volume:
  311
• Issue:
  17
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:d003a0a7049de7ea0eb581d82714ec4975d806dea8339da19ac030ac58389b14
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/30339/cdc_30339_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 273.82 KB ]