A combined oral contraceptive affects mucosal SHIV susceptibility factors in a pigtail macaque model

Ostergaard, Sharon Dietz; Butler, Katherine; Ritter, Jana M.; Johnson, Ryan; Sanders, Jeanine; Powell, Nathaniel; Lathrop, George; Zaki, Sherif R.; McNicholl, Janet M.; Kersh, Ellen N.

doi:10.1111/jmp.12157

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A combined oral contraceptive affects mucosal SHIV susceptibility factors in a pigtail macaque model

Published Date:

Dec 23 2014

Publisher's site:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12157 New Site Icon

Source:

J Med Primatol. 44(2):97-107.

[PDF-1.01 MB]

Details:

Personal Authors:

Ostergaard, Sharon Dietz ; Butler, Katherine ; Ritter, Jana M. ; Johnson, Ryan ; Sanders, Jeanine ; ... More ▼

Keywords:

[+]

Pubmed ID:

25536296

Pubmed Central ID:

PMC4355188

Description:

Background

Injectable hormonal contraception may increase women’s risk of HIV acquisition, and can affect biological risk factors in animal models of HIV. We established, for the first time, a model to investigate whether combined oral contraceptives (COC) alter SHIV susceptibility in macaques.

Methods

Seven pigtail macaques were administered a monophasic levonorgestrel (LNG)/ethinyl estradiol (EE) COC at 33% or 66% of the human dose for 60 days. Menstrual cycling, vaginal epithelial thickness and other SHIV susceptibility factors were monitored for a mean of 18 weeks.

Results

Mean vaginal epithelial thicknesses was 290.8 μm at baseline and 186.2 μm during COC (p=0.0141, Mann Whitney test). Vaginal pH decreased from 8.5 during to 6.5 post- treatment (0.0176 two-tailed t-test). Measured microflora was unchanged.

Conclusions

COC caused thinning of the vaginal epithelium and vaginal pH changes, which may increase SHIV susceptibility. 0.033 mg LNG + 0.0066 mg EE appeared effective in suppressing ovulation.

Document Type:

Journal Article

Collection(s):

CDC Public Access

Funding:

CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
Y01 AI000681-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
Y1-A1-0681-02/PHS HHS/United States

Supporting Files:

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