Details:

Alternative Title:
Environ Res
Personal Author:
Gronlund, Carina J. ; Berrocal, Veronica J. ; White-Newsome, Jalonne L. ; Conlon, Kathryn C. ; O'Neill, Marie S.
Gronlund, Carina J. ; Berrocal, Veronica J. ; White-Newsome, Jalonne L. ; Conlon, Kathryn C. ; O'Neill, Marie S. Less -
Description:
Objectives

We examined how individual and area socio-demographic characteristics independently modified the extreme heat (EH)-mortality association among elderly residents of 8 Michigan cities, May-September, 1990-2007.

Methods

In a time-stratified case-crossover design, we regressed cause-specific mortality against EH (indicator for 4-day mean, minimum, maximum or apparent temperature above 97th or 99th percentiles). We examined effect modification with interactions between EH and personal marital status, age, race, sex and education and ZIP-code percent “non-green space” (National Land Cover Dataset), age, race, income, education, living alone, and housing age (U.S. Census).

Results

In models including multiple effect modifiers, the odds of cardiovascular mortality during EH (99th percentile threshold) vs. non-EH were higher among non-married individuals (1.21, 95% CI = 1.14-1.28 vs. 0.98, 95% CI = 0.90-1.07 among married individuals) and individuals in ZIP codes with high (91%) non-green space (1.17, 95% CI = 1.06-1.29 vs. 0.98, 95% CI = 0.89-1.07 among individuals in ZIP codes with low (39%) non-green space). Results suggested that housing age may also be an effect modifier. For the EH-respiratory mortality association, the results were inconsistent between temperature metrics and percentile thresholds of EH but largely insignificant.

Conclusions

Green space, housing and social isolation may independently enhance elderly peoples’ heat-related cardiovascular mortality vulnerability. Local adaptation efforts should target areas and populations at greater risk.


Subjects:
[+]
Climate Cross-Over Studies Demography Environmental Exposure Hot Temperature Humans Models, Theoretical Social Class
Source:
Environ Res. 2014; 136:449-461
Pubmed ID:
25460667
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC4282170
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
T42 OH008455/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; R21ES020156/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; T32 AG027708/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States ; 2T42OH008455/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; T32AG027708/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
T42 OH008455/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; R21ES020156/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; T32 AG027708/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States ; 2T42OH008455/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; T32AG027708/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States Less -
Place as Subject:
Michigan
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:65746fbea716681120d569569f67607872dcbf012c41e31a12fc91c032b87f5c
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/30218/cdc_30218_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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