Vulnerability to extreme heat by socio-demographic characteristics and area green space among the elderly in Michigan, 1990-2007

Details

• Personal Author:
  Berrocal VJ ; Conlon KC ; Gronlund CJ ; O'Neill MS ; White-Newsome JL
• Description:
  OBJECTIVES: We examined how individual and area socio-demographic characteristics independently modified the extreme heat (EH)-mortality association among elderly residents of 8 Michigan cities, May-September, 1990-2007. METHODS: In a time-stratified case-crossover design, we regressed cause-specific mortality against EH (indicator for 4-day mean, minimum, maximum or apparent temperature above 97th or 99 th percentiles). We examined effect modification with interactions between EH and personal marital status, age, race, sex and education and ZIP-code percent "non-green space" (National Land Cover Dataset), age, race, income, education, living alone, and housing age (U.S. Census). RESULTS: In models including multiple effect modifiers, the odds of cardiovascular mortality during EH (99 th percentile threshold) vs. non-EH were higher among non-married individuals (1.21, 95% CI=1.14-1.28 vs. 0.98, 95% CI=0.90-1.07 among married individuals) and individuals in ZIP codes with high (91%) non-green space (1.17, 95% CI=1.06-1.29 vs. 0.98, 95% CI=0.89-1.07 among individuals in ZIP codes with low (39%) non-green space). Results suggested that housing age may also be an effect modifier. For the EH-respiratory mortality association, the results were inconsistent between temperature metrics and percentile thresholds of EH but largely insignificant. CONCLUSIONS: Green space, housing and social isolation may independently enhance elderly peoples' heat-related cardiovascular mortality vulnerability. Local adaptation efforts should target areas and populations at greater risk. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aging Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Demography Hot Temperature Men Mortality Occupational Health Race Factors Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Women

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• Keywords:
  Age-groups Author Keywords: Green Space Cardiovascular-function Cardiovascular-system Cardiovascular-system-disorders Demographic-characteristics Exposure-levels Heat Heat-exposure Heat Wave Humans Racial-factors Respiratory-system-disorders Risk-factors Socio-demographic Sociological-factors Statistical-analysis Vulnerability

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• ISSN:
  0013-9351
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Michigan ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  449-461
• Volume:
  136
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20045737
• Citation:
  Environ Res 2015 Jan; 136:449-461
• Contact Point Address:
  Carina J.Gronlund, University of Michigan School of PublicHealth ,Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, 2669 SPH Tower, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029
• Email:
  gronlund@umich.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• Performing Organization:
  University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Research
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:5f6564a18d5e49f60a95b434c15fae3ab51f1ab51f1806ca8706c52292cab2f12844623c6b4d16ea02009e0bc0678fda60e99085ebf862b6b97f4d413f3354dd
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201038/cdc_201038_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 3.04 MB ]