Maternal iron metabolism gene variants modify umbilical cord blood lead levels by gene-environment interaction: a birth cohort study

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Environ Health
• Personal Author:
  Karwowski, Mateusz P. ; Just, Allan C. ; Bellinger, David C. ; Jim, Rebecca ; Hatley, Earl L. ; Ettinger, Adrienne S. ; Hu, Howard ; Wright, Robert O.
• Description:
  Background
  
  Given the relationship between iron metabolism and lead toxicokinetics, we hypothesized that polymorphisms in iron metabolism genes might modify maternal-fetal lead transfer. The objective of this study was to determine whether maternal and/or infant transferrin (TF) and hemochromatosis (HFE) gene missense variants modify the association between maternal blood lead (MBL) and umbilical cord blood lead (UCBL).
  
  Methods
  
  We studied 476 mother-infant pairs whose archived blood specimens were genotyped for TF P570S, HFE H63D and HFE C282Y. MBL and UCBL were collected within 12 hours of delivery. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between log-transformed MBL and UCBL, examine for confounding and collinearity, and explore gene-environment interactions.
  
  Results
  
  The geometric mean MBL was 0.61 μg/dL (range 0.03, 3.2) and UCBL 0.42 (<0.02, 3.9). Gene variants were common with carrier frequencies ranging from 12-31%; all were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In an adjusted linear regression model, log MBL was associated with log UCBL (β = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.03; p < 0.01) such that a 1% increase in MBL was associated with a 0.92% increase in UCBL among infants born to wild-type mothers. In infants born to C282Y variants, however, a 1% increase in MBL is predicted to increase UCBL 0.65% (βMain Effect = −0.002, 95% CI: −0.09, −0.09; p = 0.97; βInteraction = −0.27, 95% CI: −0.52, −0.01; p = 0.04), representing a 35% lower placental lead transfer among women with MBL 5 μg/dL.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Maternal HFE C282Y gene variant status is associated with greater reductions in placental transfer of lead as MBL increases. The inclusion of gene-environment interaction in risk assessment models may improve efforts to safeguard vulnerable populations.
  
  Electronic supplementary material
  
  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-069X-13-77) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
  
  
• Subjects:
  C282Y Cohort Studies Female Fetal Blood Gene-Environment Interaction H63D Hemochromatosis Gene Histocompatibility Antigens Class I Humans Infant, Newborn Iron Lead Linear Models Male Membrane Proteins Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Mutation, Missense P570S Pediatric Polymorphism Polymorphism, Genetic Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Prenatal Research Transferrin Transferrin Gene

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• Source:
  Environ Health. 13.
• Pubmed ID:
  25287020
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4271345
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  1U61TS000118-05/TS/ATSDR CDC HHS/United States ; P01 ES012874/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; P30 ES023515/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; P30 HD018655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States ; P42 ES016454/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; R01 ES013744/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; R01 ES014930/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  Oklahoma
• Volume:
  13
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3765ec0e174018179f6fc5a2add893d2ce31a6a164b882b674943cdecc47da5b3495196aa00ae69f139713384f57616645b4eab4f3575a85479ee5b24d1b62ef
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/26391/cdc_26391_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 626.77 KB ]