Racial and Ethnic Disparities in HIV Diagnosis Rates by Social Determinants of Health at the Census Tract Level Among Adults in the United States and Puerto Rico, 2021.

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2025, v. 98, no. 2: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in HIV Diagnosis Rates by Social Determinants of Health at the Census Tract Level Among Adults in the United States and Puerto Rico, 2021.
• Journal Article:
  Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
• Personal Author:
  Kota, Krishna Kiran ; Eppink, Samuel ; Sumner, Zanetta Gant ; Chesson, Harrell ; McCree, Donna Hubbard
• Description:
  We compared racial and ethnic disparities in HIV diagnosis rates among adults in census tracts with the most disadvantaged vs. the most advantaged levels of social determinants of health.
  
  In this ecologic analysis, we used the National HIV Surveillance System data from 2021 and social determinants of health data from 2017-2021 American Community Survey. We measured racial and ethnic disparities stratified by sex in the most disadvantaged quartiles and advantaged quartiles for (1) poverty, (2) education level, (3) median household income, and (4) insurance coverage. We calculated 8 relative disparity measures Black-to-White rate ratio, Hispanic/Latino-to-White rate ratio, index of disparity (ID), population-weighted ID, mean log deviation, Theil index, population attributable proportion, Gini coefficient and 4 absolute disparity measures (Black-to-White rate difference, Hispanic/Latino-to-White rate difference, absolute ID, and population-weighted absolute ID).
  
  Comparing the most disadvantaged quartiles with the most advantaged quartiles, all 4 absolute disparity measures decreased, but 7 of the 8 relative disparity measures increased: the median percentage decreases in the absolute measures for men and women, respectively, were 38.1% and 47.6% for poverty, 12.4% and 42.6% for education level, 43.6% and 44.0% for median household income, and 44.2% and 45.4% for insurance coverage. The median percentage increases in the relative measures for men and women, respectively, were 44.3% and 61.3% for poverty, 54.9% and 95.3% for education level, 19.6% and 90.0% for median household income, and 32.8% and 46.4% for insurance coverage.
  
  Racial and ethnic disparities in the most disadvantaged and the most advantaged quartiles highlight the need for strategies addressing the root causes of disparities.
• Content Notes:
  Author manuscript
• Subjects:
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Adult
  • Female
  • HIV Infections
  • Social Determinants of Health
  • Middle Aged
  • Hispanic or Latino
  • Censuses
  • Young Adult
  More +
• Keywords:
  • HIV diagnosis rates
  • Social determinants of health
  • Racial and ethnic disparities
• Source:
  Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2025, v. 98, no. 2
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000003541
• ISSN:
  1525-4135 ; 1944-7884
• Pubmed ID:
  39363359
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC11801274
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  United States ; Puerto Rico
• Pages in Document:
  114-122 (17 pdf pages)
• Volume:
  98
• Issue:
  2
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/261999/cdc_261999_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 407.21 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:14cd0b2bbb5736f132d5467616949123645a970816809bb6fb428d12660506857253b9ac13ae1f71db37ee9ce8f49beccba49a9e5261d6cbea4b28f68fec7e7f