Exercise and Diet Effects on Delay Discounting and Related Neurobiology in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: a Randomized Trial.

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2025, v. 33, no. 7: Exercise and Diet Effects on Delay Discounting and Related Neurobiology in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: a Randomized Trial.
• Journal Article:
  Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
• Personal Author:
  Cosgrove, Kelly T. ; Cornier, Marc-Andre ; McHugo, Maureen ; Melanson, Edward L. ; Hild, Allison ; Kronberg, Eugene ; Thomas, Elizabeth A. ; Dodd, Keith ; Claus, Eric D. ; Tregellas, Jason R. ; Legget, Kristina T.
• Description:
  This study compared effects of exercise training and diet on impulsivity-related behaviors as measured by delay discounting and related neurobiology in adults with overweight or obesity. We hypothesized that exercise versus diet would be associated with reduced delay discounting propensity (k) and increased response in brain regions involved in cognitive control (medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral anterior insulae).
  
  Participants (N = 40) were randomized to 12 weeks of exercise training or diet intervention. At baseline and postintervention, they completed a delay discounting task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in fasted and fed (post-meal) conditions. Linear mixed effects models assessed fasted-fed intervention effects on k and brain response in regions of interest. Exploratory analyses assessed whole-brain, satiety-state-specific, and reaction time effects.
  
  Across groups, k and reaction time during delay discounting decreased and weight decreased from baseline to postintervention (p values ≤ 0.010). In exploratory fed-state whole-brain analyses, a group × session effect was observed in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (p < 0.005), driven by exercise-associated changes. A similar group × session interaction effect was observed in the anterior cingulate cortex (p = 0.006), also driven by reductions in fed-state response.
  
  Both interventions altered delay discounting behaviors. Exercise training was associated with reduced fed-state engagement of brain regions involved in self-referential processing and regulation during decision-making.
• Content Notes:
  Author manuscript
• Subjects:
  • Humans
  • Delay Discounting
  • Male
  • Female
  • Adult
  • Obesity
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Overweight
  • Exercise
  • Middle Aged
  More +
• Keywords:
  • Delay discounting
  • fMRI
  • overweight/obesity
  • exercise training
  • diet intervention
• Source:
  Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2025, v. 33, no. 7
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.24307
• ISSN:
  1930-7381 ; 1930-739X
• Pubmed ID:
  40384491
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC12213160
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  S10 OD018435/OD/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; S10 OD018435/CD/ODCDC CDC HHSUnited States/ ; 1-14-TS-07/American Diabetes Association/ ; I01CX001949/U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs/ ; R01 DK119236/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; I01 CX001949/CX/CSRD VAUnited States/ ; IK6 CX002178/CX/CSRD VAUnited States/ ; T32 MH015442/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; F32 HD117473/HD/NICHD NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P30 DK048520/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K01 DK100445/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; IK6CX002178/U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs/ ; UL1 TR001082/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Pages in Document:
  1263-1274 (22 pdf pages)
• Volume:
  33
• Issue:
  7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/261405/cdc_261405_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.06 MB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:bbf522bb8388711dfb9dd572101b92668b2b29fb8a8302c9f8db537c91f333432d44a11124edc3aefb4f00bcdd2d30219f3a056f3e2afc97115e905e28bf7ca4