Histopathology and localization of SARS-CoV-2 and its host cell entry receptor ACE2 in tissues from naturally infected US-farmed mink (Neovison vison).

Details

• Personal Author:
  Amman BR ; Barton Behravesh C ; Bhatnagar J ; Bollweg BC ; Bullock HA ; Cossaboom CM ; Estetter L ; Gary JM ; Harvey, R. Reid ; Lee E ; Martines RB ; Rettler H ; Ritter JM ; Seixas JN ; Silva-Flannery L ; Taylor D ; Towner JS ; Wendling NM ; Wilson TM ; Zaki SR
• Description:
  Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes respiratory disease in mink similar to human COVID-19. We characterized the pathological findings in 72 mink from US farms with SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, localized SARS-CoV-2 and its host cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in mink respiratory tissues, and evaluated the utility of various test methods and specimens for SARS-CoV-2 detection in necropsy tissues. Of SARS-CoV-2-positive animals found dead, 74% had bronchiolitis and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). Of euthanized SARS-CoV-2-positive animals, 72% had only mild interstitial pneumonia or minimal nonspecific lung changes (congestion, edema, macrophages); similar findings were seen in SARS-CoV-2-negative animals. Suppurative rhinitis, lymphocytic perivascular inflammation in the lungs, and lymphocytic infiltrates in other tissues were common in both SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative animals. In formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) upper respiratory tract (URT) specimens, conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (cRT-PCR) was more sensitive than in situ hybridization (ISH) or immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of SARS-CoV-2. FFPE lung specimens yielded less detection of virus than FFPE URT specimens by all test methods. By IHC and ISH, virus localized extensively to epithelial cells in the nasal turbinates, and prominently within intact epithelium; olfactory mucosa was mostly spared. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 was extensively detected by IHC within turbinate epithelium, with decreased detection in lower respiratory tract epithelium and alveolar macrophages. This study expands on the knowledge of the pathology and pathogenesis of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in mink and supports their further investigation as a potential animal model of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Communicable Diseases Farmers Lung Lung Diseases Men Occupational Health Pathology Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Women

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2; COVID-19; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Minks; Olfactory Marker Protein; RT-PCR; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Histopathology; SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus; Respiratory System Disorders; Pulmonary System Disorders; Diseases; Animals; Humans; Men; Women; Children; Pathology; Farmers; Statistical Analysis; Pneumonia; Bronchiolitis; Lung Tissue; Lung; Lung Disorders; Pathogenesis; Models;
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858221079665
• ISSN:
  0300-9858
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Georgia ; Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 8 ; Utah ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  RHD - Respiratory Health Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  59
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20064768
• Citation:
  Vet Pathol 2022 Jul; 59(4):681-695
• Contact Point Address:
  Jana M. Ritter, Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS: H18-SB, Atlanta, GA 30329
• Email:
  jritter@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Veterinary Pathology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:070fbde564b49a0be25d7cfea1f52f85ce8dd08671321bd4bd27c06e1799693e4349af4bdc6a1101b05d71e93701ff078dfcf3e305fa08b67f8964016d9d94a6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/248982/cdc_248982_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 5.61 MB ]