Biological effects of inhaled crude oil. VI. Immunotoxicity.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Anderson, Stacey E. ; Baur R ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Lukomska E ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Shane HL ; Weatherly LM
• Description:
  Crude oil is an unrefined petroleum product that is a mixture of hydrocarbons and other organic material. Studies on the individual components of crude oil and crude oil exposure itself suggest it has immunomodulatory potential. As investigations of the immunotoxicity of crude oil focus mainly on ingestion and dermal exposure, the effects of whole-body inhalation of 300 ppm crude oil vapor [COV; acute inhalation exposure: (6 h × 1 d); or a 28 d sub-chronic exposure (6 h/d × 4 d/wk. × 4 wks)] was investigated 1, 28, and 90 d post-exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats. Acute exposure increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cellularity, CD4+ and CD8+ cells, and absolute and percent CDllb+ cells only at 1 d post-exposure; additionally, NK cell activity was suppressed. Sub-chronic exposure resulted in a decreased frequency of CD4+ T-cells at 1 d post-exposure and an increased number and frequency of B-cells at 28 d post-exposure in the lung-associated lymph nodes. A significant increase in the number and frequency of B-cells was observed in the spleen at 1 d post-exposure; however, NK cell activity was suppressed at this time point. No effect on cellularity was identified in the BALF. No change in the IgM response to sheep red blood cells was observed. The findings indicate that crude oil inhalation exposure resulted in alterations in cellularity of phenotypic subsets that may impair immune function in rats. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Hydrocarbons Immune System Laboratories Occupational Health Petroleum Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Crude Oil; Immunotoxicity; Immunomodulation; Immune Phenotyping Crude Oil; Petroleum Products; Hydrocarbons; Immunotoxins; Inhalation; Vapor Volume; Laboratory Animals; Cell Function; Immune System;
• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  449
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20065446
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022 Aug; 449:116100
• Contact Point Address:
  Lisa M. Weatherly, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
• Email:
  nux6@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• NORA Priority Area:
  Oil and Gas Extraction
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:df71245ce7c484af0157dddc30357125d6be479f2126394e84feea58ff32067c6adfe39f54477833dcc8a2fa7fc9365671fd0e4b4c97c2b14068d6552658f1a5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/248783/cdc_248783_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 456.61 KB ]