The significance of inhibition of nonspecific esterases in the development of organophosphorus-induced delayed neurotoxicity.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Abou-Donia MB ; Carrington CD ; Lapadula DM ; Nomeir AA
• Description:
  The effects of oral and dermal administration of S,S,S-tri-n-butyl- phosphorotrithioate (78488) (DEF) were investigated on specific enzymes in the nervous system. Laying leghorn-hens were treated with DEF, tri-o-cresyl-phosphate (78308), or parathion (56382). DEF was able to produce three toxic effects: acute cholinergic effect occurring shortly after exposure as the result of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition; late acute effect occurring 2 to 4 days after oral administration of large DEF doses which resulted from n-butyl-mercaptan toxicity and caused hematotoxicity, loss of appetite and weight, weakness, emaciation, paralysis, and death and was neither related to AChE inhibition or associated with histopathological changes in nerve tissues; and delayed neurotoxicity occurring 6 to 14 days after dermal application, causing axonal and myelin degeneration along with ataxia, paralysis, and death. While dermal dosing with DEF significantly inhibited brain neurotoxic esterase (NTE), oral administration did not inhibit NTE, and also failed to produce organophosphorus compound induced delayed neurotoxicity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Herbicides Insecticides Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Organophosphates Plastics Safety
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Grant; Neurotoxic-effects; Organo-phosphorus-compounds; Organo-phosphorus-pesticides; Central-nervous-system; Agricultural-chemicals; Herbicides; Brain-damage; Defoliants; Plasticizers
• ISBN:
  3110098733
• Publisher:
  Walter de Gruyter
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  447-461
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00213965
• Citation:
  Cholinesterases: fundamental and applied aspects. Brzin M, Barnard EA, Sket D, eds. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1984 Jan; :447-461
• Contact Point Address:
  Pharmacology Duke University Department of Pharmacology Durham, N C 27710
• CAS Registry Number:
  o-Cresyl phosphate (CAS RN 78-30-8) ; Parathion (CAS RN 56-38-2) ; Tribufos (CAS RN 78-48-8)
• Editor(s):
  Brzin M; Barnard EA; Sket D
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1984
• NORA Priority Area:
  Neurotoxic Disorders ; Neurotoxic Effects
• Performing Organization:
  Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19790401
• Source Full Name:
  Cholinesterases: fundamental and applied aspects
• End Date:
  19980331
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/247795/cdc_247795_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]