Emission and pollution control: minimizing worker exposure during solid material sampling.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Wang CC
• Description:
  Worker exposure and injury during solid material sampling is reviewed. Control technology related to solid material sampling is examined. Solid material should be screened for toxicity, corrosivity, flammability, explosivity, reactivity, and radioactivity. The information required to identify hazards and associated operating conditions is summarized. This information includes: operating temperature and pressure; particulate size, hardness, and velocity; moisture content; and density. In addition, data is required on flowability, nesting or stacking characteristics, dustiness, and impurities. Data that the designer must consider on unit operation is presented and sample extraction designs of sampling devices are examined. The major types include cross cutting, gravity flow, auger, and retractable tube. The latter is the most sophisticated of the four designs, allowing automatic sampling of materials conveyed in positive and negative pressure systems. With regard to hazard control for solid sampling, often it is the collection/storage component of the sampling system that is overlooked. It is a primary source of toxic exposure to the worker. A facility operation that handles solid beryllium-oxide (1304569) is reviewed. The solid sampler and peripheral controls protect workers adequately from beryllium (7440417) exposure. The mandatory use of respirators when a worker is inside the vat room provides an additional protection factor. The author concludes that when a hazardous solid is being sampled, potential for worker exposure and injury always exists. The proper use of automatic samplers and control technology can keep some hazardous solids below what are considered OSHA permissible exposure concentrations. Worker exposure to hazardous materials during solid sampling can be minimized effectively. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Occupational Health Radiation Safety Toxicology Workplace
• Keywords:
  Toxicology; Workplace-studies; Toxic-effects; Work-analysis; Work-operations; Workers; Air-monitoring; Radiation-measurement; Radiation-properties; Radiology
• ISSN:
  0360-7275
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  53-58
• Volume:
  80
• Issue:
  9
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00147977
• Citation:
  Chem Eng Prog 1984 Sep; 80(9):53-58
• CAS Registry Number:
  Beryllium (CAS RN 7440-41-7) ; Beryllium oxide (CAS RN 1304-56-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1984
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Chemical Engineering Progress
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/247557/cdc_247557_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]