Direct black 38, direct blue 6, direct brown 95, benzidine derived dyes.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Boeniger, Mark F. ; Millar AC ; Stein HP ; Thomas AW ; Weber MG
• Description:
  Results of preliminary studies by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) of benzidine (92875) derivative dyes, Direct-Black-38, (1937377) Direct-Blue-6 (2602462), and Direct-Brown-95 (10300740) are summarized and their implications for occupational health are given. Ninety day feeding studies conducted on 120 rats and 120 mice by NCI resulted in cancerous and precancerous liver conditions in the rats and liver cell degeneration in the mice. Liver conditions of the rats were similar to those produced by known carcinogens. Amounts of benzidine found in the urine of animals tested by NCI were greater than the amounts of benzidine in the dyes fed to test animals. NIOSH field studies have shown that humans working with these same dyes excreted higher than expected levels of benzidine in their urine. NIOSH recommends that these substances be handled in the workplace as if they were human carcinogens. NCI investigators believe that a cancer causing potential exists upon exposure to the benzidine derived dyes through the metabolic conversion of the dyes to benzidine in animal bodies. Some of the industries in which employees are exposed to these dyes are paper and allied products, petroleum and related industries, rubber and plastic products, leather and leather products, instrumentation, measuring devices and banking, and kimono painters and dyers. Reference to guidelines for controlling worker exposure to these dyes available in publication form are included. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Amines Animals Carcinogens Coloring Agents Occupational Health Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Safety
• Keywords:
  Aromatic-amines; Carcinogens; Aromatic-hydrocarbons; Dyes; Coloring-materials; Industrial-chemicals; Dye-industry; Short-term-exposure; Animals; Occupational-health; NIOSH-Author
• ISSN:
  0002-8894
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  39
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00081544
• Citation:
  Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1978 Aug; 39(8):A-18--A-24
• CAS Registry Number:
  4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl (CAS RN 92-87-5) ; Cuprate(2-), [2-hydroxy-5-[2-[4′-[2-[2-(hydroxy-κO)-6-hydroxy-3-[2-[2-(hydroxy-κO)-5-sulfophenyl]diazenyl-κN1]phenyl]diazenyl][1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl]diazenyl]benzoato(4-)]-, sodium (1:2) (CAS RN 10300-74-0) ; Direct Black 38 (CAS RN 1937-37-7) ; Direct Blue 6 (CAS RN 2602-46-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1978
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/247460/cdc_247460_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]