Information profiles on potential occupational hazards: inorganic chromium compounds.

Details

• Corporate Authors:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Description:
  Information profiles were presented for the following inorganic chromium compounds deemed to be important because their commercial production exceeds 1 million pounds annually: chromic(VI)-acid (1333820), chromic(III)-hydroxide (1308141), chromic(III)-oxide (1308389), chromic(III)-sulfate (10101538), chromic(III)-sulfate (basic) (12336957), chromium-dioxide (12018018), potassium- dichromate(VI) (7778509), lead-chromate (7758976), sodium- chromate(VI) (7775113), sodium-dichromate(VI) (10588019), and zinc- yellow-chromate(VI) (37300235). Absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract, and damaged skin was described. Uptake depended on the chemical form. The highest levels of chromium retention occurred in the reticuloendothelial system, liver, spleen, and bone marrow of animals given chromite or chromium- chloride. Most excretion occurred through the urine. Hexavalent chromium compounds were more capable of crossing biological membranes than trivalent compounds and were more readily absorbed from the gut or through the skin. Biological effects of hexavalent chromium in humans included skin ulceration, dermatitis, nasal membrane irritation and ulceration, nasal septal perforation, rhinitis, nosebleed, nephritis, liver damage, epigastric pain, pulmonary congestion and edema, and erosion and discoloration of teeth. Chromium(VI) compounds caused mutations in a variety of systems. Exposure to trivalent chromium in the workplace has caused contact dermatitis and chrome ulcers. Epidemiological studies indicated respiratory carcinogenicity among workers occupationally exposed during chromate production. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Content Notes:
  in NTRL, no PDF
• Subjects:
  Chromium Hazardous Substances Ink Metals Mutagens Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Printing Safety
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Contract; Contract-210-79-0030; Metal-finishing; Preservatives; Printing-inks; Chrome-plating; Chromium-compounds; Mutagens; Toxic-effects; Occupational-exposure
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Contract
• Genre:
  Final Contract Report
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-124
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00188275
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB89216642
• Citation:
  Center for Chemical Hazard Assessment, Syracuse Research Corporation, Syracuse, New York, SRC TR 82-505, Second Draft 1982 Feb; :1-124
• CAS Registry Number:
  C.I. Pigment Yellow 36 (CAS RN 37300-23-5) ; Chromia (CAS RN 1308-38-9) ; Chromic trioxide (CAS RN 1333-82-0) ; Chromium hydroxide sulfate (Cr(OH)(SO4)) (CAS RN 12336-95-7) ; Chromium oxide (CAS RN 12018-01-8) ; Chromium sulfate (CAS RN 10101-53-8) ; Chromium trihydroxide (CAS RN 1308-14-1) ; Disodium chromate (CAS RN 7775-11-3) ; Lead chromate (PbCrO4) (CAS RN 7758-97-6) ; Potassium dichromate (CAS RN 7778-50-9) ; Sodium dichromate (CAS RN 10588-01-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1982
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Center for Chemical Hazard Assessment, Syracuse Research Corporation, Syracuse, New York, SRC TR 82-505, Second Draft
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/242813/cdc_242813_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]