Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Neuroinflammation Elicited by Occupational Injuries and Toxicants

Details

• Personal Author:
  Pathak D ; Sriram K
• Description:
  Occupational injuries and toxicant exposures lead to the development of neuroinflammation by activating distinct mechanistic signaling cascades that ultimately culminate in the disruption of neuronal function leading to neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. The entry of toxicants into the brain causes the subsequent activation of glial cells, a response known as 'reactive gliosis'. Reactive glial cells secrete a wide variety of signaling molecules in response to neuronal perturbations and thus play a crucial role in the progression and regulation of central nervous system (CNS) injury. In parallel, the roles of protein phosphorylation and cell signaling in eliciting neuroinflammation are evolving. However, there is limited understanding of the molecular underpinnings associated with toxicant- or occupational injury-mediated neuroinflammation, gliosis, and neurological outcomes. The activation of signaling molecules has biological significance, including the promotion or inhibition of disease mechanisms. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms of synergism or antagonism among intracellular signaling pathways remain elusive. This review highlights the research focusing on the direct interaction between the immune system and the toxicant- or occupational injury-induced gliosis. Specifically, the role of occupational injuries, e.g., trips, slips, and falls resulting in traumatic brain injury, and occupational toxicants, e.g., volatile organic compounds, metals, and nanoparticles/nanomaterials in the development of neuroinflammation and neurological or neurodegenerative diseases are highlighted. Further, this review recapitulates the recent advancement related to the characterization of the molecular mechanisms comprising protein phosphorylation and cell signaling, culminating in neuroinflammation. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Immune System Nervous System Occupational Health Safety Volatile Organic Compounds
• Keywords:
  Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Astrocytes Author Keywords: Alzheimer's Disease Cell Signaling Central Nervous System Gliosis Hydrocarbons Immune Reaction Immune Response Inflammation Metals Microglia Multiple Sclerosis Nanoparticles Neurodegenerative Diseases Neuroinflammation Neurological Disorders Neurological Reactions Neurotoxic Effects Occupational Injury Parkinson's Disease TBI Traumatic Brain Injury VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds Workplace Toxicants

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• ISSN:
  1422-0067
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  24
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20066935
• Citation:
  Int J Mol Sci 2023 Jan; 24(3):2272
• Contact Point Address:
  Krishnan Sriram, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  kos4@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2023
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:d529049d6ffa5b1cac3b946a5ccebd4acb16e1f3d371fe40ec7e8917ee5f09cf5df5f37049e0e54d7cd7f889e4dde5e4c589551cd68d2c33bde4ef83abf53c95
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/231216/cdc_231216_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 4.13 MB ]