Effects of FAME Biodiesel and HVORD on Emissions from an Older-Technology Diesel Engine

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bugarski, Aleksandar D. ; Hummer JA ; Vanderslice SE
• Description:
  The results of laboratory evaluations were used to compare the potential of two alternative, biomass-derived fuels as a control strategy to reduce the exposure of underground miners to aerosols and gases emitted by diesel-powered equipment. The effects of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) biodiesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil renewable diesel (HVORD) on criteria aerosol and gaseous emissions from an older-technology, naturally aspirated, mechanically controlled engine equipped with a diesel oxidation catalytic converter were compared with those of widely used petroleum-derived, ultralow-sulfur diesels (ULSDs). The emissions were characterized for four selected steady-state conditions. When fueled with FAME biodiesel and HVORD, the engine emitted less aerosols by total particulate mass, total carbon mass, elemental carbon mass and total number than when it was fueled with ULSDs. Compared with ULSDs, FAME biodiesel and HVORD produced aerosols that were characterized by single modal distributions, smaller count median diameters, and lower total and peak concentrations. For the majority of test cases, FAME biodiesel and HVORD favorably affected nitric oxide (NO) and adversely affected nitrogen dioxide (NO2) generation. Therefore, the use of these alternative fuels appears to be a viable tool for the underground mining industry to address the issues related to emissions from diesel engines, and to transition toward more universal solutions provided by advanced engines with integrated exhaust aftertreatment technologies. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Fuel Oils Mining Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety Vehicle Emissions
• Keywords:
  Aerosol Particles Biodiesel Diesel Emissions Diesel Exhausts Exhaust Gases Fuels Particulates Underground Mines Underground Mining
• Series:
  Mining Publications
• ISSN:
  0026-5187
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  PMRD - Pittsburgh Mining Research Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  43-49
• Volume:
  69
• Issue:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20050766
• Citation:
  Min Eng 2017 Dec; 69(12):43-49
• Contact Point Address:
  A.D. Bugarski, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Pittsburgh Mining Research Division (PMRD), Pittsburgh, PA
• Email:
  abugarski@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Nitric oxide (CAS RN 10102-43-9) ; Nitrogen dioxide (CAS RN 10102-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• NORA Priority Area:
  Mining
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Mining Engineering
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:2148cb9cd92f584f8d749201b41895458072e11ae8bf6d0865ccb357e929f9a5c14eb50f74e4c785fc02c1197253f3cbe877f93ca59c7b25643a3be7afdd2999
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/227613/cdc_227613_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.03 MB ]