Morphological and Elemental Classification of Freshly Emitted Soot Particles and Atmospheric Ultrafine Particles Using the TEM/EDS

Details

• Personal Author:
  Chow JC ; Kim JS ; Miller AL ; Park JY ; Park K ; Tumolva L ; Watson JG
• Description:
  The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to determine morphology and elemental composition of a variety of freshly emitted soot particles (acetylene flame, candle flame, kerosene flame, diesel exhaust, electric arc, plastic burning, styrofoam burning, wood burning [white oak and pine bark], and rice straw burning), which can be possible candidate soot in the ambient atmosphere, and ultrafine particles sampled in urban, industrial, and coastal sites during ultrafine particle formation events (combustion and photochemical events). By using mobility-classified non-refractory ((NH4)(2)SO4) and refractory (Polystyrene latex (PSL) and salt (NaCl)) particles, limitation of the TEM was tested. Data showed that the TEM method can be used to examine shapes of both volatile particles such as (NH4)(2)SO4 (100 nm) at low, but not high magnification (refer to low and high beam intensity, respectively), and nonvolatile particles like NaCl (100 nm) and PSL (84 nm) at either low or high magnification. Distinct differences in morphological properties such as primary particle diameter, fractal dimension, and microstructure were observed among the different types of fresh soot particles. The atmospheric ultrafine particles were classified as agglomerates, sulfate mixtures (spherical), metallic oxides (spherical and polygonal), C-rich refractory (not agglomerated), C-rich non-refractory (not agglomerated), Si-rich (spherical), Na-rich (porous), or P-containing (non-spherical) particles. At the urbanGwangju site, a higher fraction of fresh and aged agglomerates was observed than at other sites. The C-rich non-refractory and sulfate mixtures were often observed in the photochemical event. The C-rich refractory particles were abundant at the Gwangju and Yeosu sites. The coastal Taean site had few agglomerates due to limited anthropogenic combustion source. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Atmosphere Microbiology Nitrates Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety Vehicle Emissions
• Keywords:
  Ammonium-compounds Atmosphere-analyzers Carbonates Combustion-products Diesel-exhausts Microscopic-analysis Microscopy Morphology Nanotechnology Particulate-sampling-methods Photochemical-reactions Spectroscopes Sulfates

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• Series:
  Mining Publications
• ISSN:
  0278-6826
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Nevada ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OMSHR - Office of Mine Safety and Health Research
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  202-215
• Volume:
  44
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20036793
• Citation:
  Aerosol Sci Technol 2010 Mar; 44(3):202-215
• Contact Point Address:
  Kihong Park, Gwangju Institute Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Reseach Center Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Kwangju, South Korea
• Email:
  kpark@gist.ac.kr
• CAS Registry Number:
  Acetylene (CAS RN 74-86-2) ; Aluminum (CAS RN 7429-90-5) ; Calcium (CAS RN 7440-70-2) ; Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0) ; Carbon monoxide (CAS RN 630-08-0) ; Chlorine (CAS RN 7782-50-5) ; Chromium (CAS RN 7440-47-3) ; Copper (CAS RN 7440-50-8) ; Iron (CAS RN 7439-89-6) ; Kerosene (CAS RN 8008-20-6) ; Magnesium (CAS RN 7439-95-4) ; Oxygen (CAS RN 7782-44-7) ; Phosphorus (CAS RN 7723-14-0) ; Potassium (CAS RN 7440-09-7) ; Silicon (CAS RN 7440-21-3) ; Sodium (CAS RN 7440-23-5) ; Sodium chloride (CAS RN 7647-14-5) ; Styrene (CAS RN 100-42-5) ; Sulfur (CAS RN 7704-34-9) ; Zinc (CAS RN 7440-66-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• NORA Priority Area:
  Mining
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Aerosol Science and Technology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:17b1e147d446eded6979b55eb86237e98a481581c023f5ac80ed856323422009782c66e8b575825deeacf67344691e58d62e7d51ea5c0f6f731053318daecff9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/227212/cdc_227212_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 759.59 KB ]