Antimicrobials and Allergic Disease: Identifying Novel Biomarkers and Mechanisms of Action (Dataset)

Details

• Corporate Authors:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Description:
  Occupational immune diseases are some of the most common illnesses that affect workers in the United States. The Healthcare and Social Assistance Sector (HCSA) has one of the highest incidence of allergic disease compared to other industrial sectors. Individuals in this sector are frequently exposed to a variety of high-level cleaners and disinfectants along with antiseptics for the purposes of sterilization of surfaces, medical and surgical instruments, and reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections. The range of specificity and effectiveness of these agents is very diverse based on the type of chemical used. Commonly used antimicrobials include: alcohol, chlorine, iodine based agents; phenols; hydrogen peroxide; and quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC). While the importance of these kinds of chemicals is understood, many of these agents are also known to directly contribute to allergic disease. Antimicrobials including disinfectants and antiseptics are unique in that they have been identified to cover all classes of immune action related to allergic disease (irritants, sensitizers and adjuvants). In addition, new chemicals are constantly being synthesized for specific antimicrobial purposes or as potentially less toxic alternative, and these may also present unique burdens on the immune system. While the primary routes of exposure to these chemicals are the skin and lung, in the health care setting exposures to multiple chemicals present in individual products or exposures to multiple products, often occur presenting the opportunity for complex mixed exposures. In addition, while dermatitis and asthma are often thought a direct consequence of respective skin or lung exposure, the role of the skin in both dermal and respiratory sensitization is increasingly being recognized. Worker exposure leading to sensitization can often be asymptomatic in nature until subsequent exposure elicits a response in the sensitized individual. Therefore, knowledge about how the skin regulates allergic disease is extremely important because protection from sensitization and other factors that influence this process will prevent disease. Due to the increasing development of and uses for antimicrobials, it is imperative to analyze the immunotoxicological effects of these compounds. Results of these studies will provide the necessary tools to develop a hazard-based approach to investigate the role of antiseptics and disinfectants used in HCSA on allergic disease. As new occupational hazards continue to emerge it is critical that we understand the immunological mechanisms that exacerbate immune mediated respiratory and dermal diseases. Specific understanding of these mechanisms has direct implications in exposure assessment and the development of appropriate intervention and prevention strategies. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Disinfectants Health Personnel Hypersensitivity Immune System Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Skin
• Keywords:
  Allergic Reactions Allergies Antimicrobials Antiseptics Chemicals Cleaning Compounds Health Care Workers Immune Reaction Immune System Disorders Respiratory Sensitizers Sensitization Sensitizers Skin Exposure

  More +
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHRD-1017-2021-0
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Dataset
• Genre:
  Research Dataset
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20062063
• Citation:
  Morgantown, WV: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Research Dataset RD-1017-2021-0, 2021 Jul; :dataset
• Contact Point Address:
  Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• NORA Priority Area:
  Healthcare and Social Assistance
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Antimicrobials and allergic disease: identifying novel biomarkers and mechanisms of action
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9480807016bc9de0cf103c91101bce8ed41ddf0aa7b6cc50f8ea7d2de7027cc6c08d4490a76d3b0f57adc4ad98b3b863bd61ae402ac5a066f1acb1c374f1c857
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225381/cdc_225381_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 146.22 KB ]