Biological Effects of Inhaled Hydraulic Fracturing Sand Dust. IX. Summary and Significance

Details

• Personal Author:
  Anderson, Stacey E. ; Barger M ; Batchelor TP ; Bowers LN ; Coyle J ; Cumpston A ; Cumpston JB ; Cumpston JL ; Dey RD ; Dozier, Alan K. ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Friend S ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Jackson M ; Jefferson A ; Joseph P ; Kan H ; Kashon ML ; Knepp AK ; Kodali V ; Krajnak, Kristine M. ; Leonard, Stephen S. ; Lin G ; Long C ; Lukomska E ; Marrocco A ; Marshall N ; McKinney W ; Morris AM ; Olgun, Nicole S. ; Park JH ; Reynolds JS ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Russ KA ; Sager TM ; Shane H ; Snawder, John E. ; Sriram K ; Thompson JA ; Umbright CM ; Waugh, Stacey ; Zheng W
• Description:
  An investigation into the potential toxicological effects of fracking sand dust (FSD), collected from unconventional gas drilling sites, has been undertaken, along with characterization of their chemical and biophysical properties. Using intratracheal instillation of nine FSDs in rats and a whole body 4-d inhalation model for one of the FSDs, i.e., FSD 8, and related in vivo and in vitro experiments, the effects of nine FSDs on the respiratory, cardiovascular and immune systems, brain and kidney were reported in the preceding eight tandem papers. Here, a summary is given of the key observations made in the organ systems reported in the individual studies. The major finding that inhaled FSD 8 elicits responses in extra-pulmonary organ systems is unexpected, as is the observation that the pulmonary effects of inhaled FSD 8 are attenuated relative to forms of crystalline silica more frequently used in animal studies, i.e., MIN-U-SIL 5. An attempt is made to understand the basis for the extra-pulmonary toxicity and comparatively attenuated pulmonary toxicity of FSD 8. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Chemistry Dust Environmental Exposure Hazardous Substances Immune System Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Oil And Gas Industry Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide

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• Keywords:
  Animal Model Animal Studies Author Keywords: Fracking Sand Dust Biological Factors Brain Function Cardiovascular System Chemical Properties Crystalline Silica Dust Exposure Dusts Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Fracking Gas Industry Hydraulic Fracturing Immune System Inhalation In Vitro Study In Vivo Study Kidney Function Laboratory Animals Laboratory Testing Natural Gas Organs Physical Properties Pulmonary Effects Pulmonary System Disorders Rat Respirable Dust Respiratory Function Respiratory System Disorders Sand Silica Silica Dusts Toxic Effects Toxicity

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• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; RHD - Respiratory Health Division ; OD - Office of the Director
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  409
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20061544
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020 Dec; 409:115330
• Contact Point Address:
  Jeffrey S. Fedan, PhD, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
• Email:
  jsf2@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7) ; Silica (CAS RN 7631-86-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• NORA Priority Area:
  Oil and Gas Extraction
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:d2875837a93e12821304357594dfcbc9976974ce2bbb8b5ff0464cd8d2007edd0fe9b3fd64f3f1dc42f560ef5689af8b9b53a2348c164180ae1cccad36538f92
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225050/cdc_225050_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 519.17 KB ]