Effects of Inhaled Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) on Guinea Pig Cholinesterases

Details

• Personal Author:
  Brown WE ; Hansen GA ; Karol MH
• Description:
  Hexamethylene diisocyanate, HDI, a starting material in the production of many polyurethane products, was found to inhibit stoichiometrically mammalian and electric eel cholinesterases in an in vitro system (W. E. Brown, A. H. Green, M. H. Karol, and Y. Alarie, 1982, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 62, 45-52). The current study examined in vivo effects on guinea pig cholinesterases resulting from inhalation of HDI. Guinea pigs were exposed to atmospheres of 0.5, 1.8, or 4.0 ppm HDI (ceiling value = 0.02 ppm) for up to 6 hr. Blood samples were drawn prior to exposure and at specified times during exposure. No inhibition of serum cholinesterase was detected following exposure to 0.5 ppm HDI for 6 hr, to 1.8 ppm HDI for 2 hr, or to 4.0 ppm HDI for 3 hr. Similarly, no inhibition was detected when erythrocytes from each blood sample were assayed for acetylcholinesterase activity. Last, animals were sacrificed and cholinesterase activity determined in bronchial lavage fluid. Enzyme levels of HDI-exposed animals were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of control animals exposed to water vapor. In conclusion, although in vitro experiments had demonstrated potent anticholinesterase activity by HDI, in vivo inhalation exposure of guinea pigs to HDI at concentrations 25-200 times above the recommended (ACGIH) ceiling value did not produce measurable inhibition of cholinesterase activity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Enzymes Isocyanates Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  Animal Studies Diisocyanates Enzymatic Effects Enzyme Activity Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Inhalation Studies In Vivo Studies
• ISSN:
  0272-0590
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  284-287
• Volume:
  4
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20060647
• Citation:
  Fundam Appl Toxicol 1984 Apr; 4(2)(Pt 1):284-287
• Contact Point Address:
  Meryl H. Karol, Department of Industrial Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261 USA
• CAS Registry Number:
  Hexamethylene diisocyanate (CAS RN 822-06-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1984
• Performing Organization:
  University of Pittsburgh
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Part Number:
  1
• Source Full Name:
  Fundamental and Applied Toxicology
• End Date:
  19830430
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:937603632899bbba45e08cee1497879a67e1acd2e777d690461916d15ee8be0111a4e619f5d6113ece792a7d30c024382b5290e77ccf900739afc8ed4e6ae686
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/224496/cdc_224496_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 388.90 KB ]