Reevaluating the Carcinogenicity of Ortho-Toluidine: A New Conclusion and Its Implications

Details

• Personal Author:
  Markowitz S ; Sellers C
• Description:
  The aromatic amine ortho-toluidine has been recognized by IARC as an animal carcinogen for the past decade. Three recent epidemiological studies of worker populations have now implicated this chemical as a human bladder carcinogen. In a study by E. Ward, A. Carpenter, S. Markowitz, D. Roberts, and W. Halperin ((1991), J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83, 501-506), workers definitely exposed to ortho-toluidine for at least 10 years experienced a Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) of 27.2 (90% CI = 11.8-53.7). The other major exposure was to aniline, which significant epidemiological studies have failed to confirm as a human carcinogen. In retrospect, studies by G. F. Rubino, G. Scansetti, G. Piolatto ((1982) Environ. Res. 27, 241-254) and M. J. Stasik ((1988) Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 60, 21-24) also support the hypothesis that ortho-toluidine is a human bladder carcinogen. Animal studies of both ortho-toluidine and its possible confounders in these epidemiological investigations further confirm this hypothesis. When evaluated in a suitably comprehensive way, according to the traditional standards for assessing causality outlined by A. B. Hill ((1977) A Short Textbook of Medical Statistics, pp. 288-294, Lippincott, Philadelphia) the evidence that ortho-toluidine causes human bladder cancer has become much more conclusive. In this case, animal tests have proven a good predictor of human carcinogenicity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Amines Animals Carcinogens Epidemiology Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Animal Studies Aromatic Amines Bladder Cancer Carcinogenicity Humans
• ISSN:
  0273-2300
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New Jersey ; New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  301-317
• Volume:
  16
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20059895
• Citation:
  Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 1992 Dec; 16(3):301-317
• Contact Point Address:
  Christopher Sellers, Science, Technology and Society Program, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1993
• Performing Organization:
  Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19920701
• Source Full Name:
  Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
• End Date:
  19970630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:256301cfd721e978e6e103222d6d7bdb8f8111dd849c2609fd50f13e3f8a56cbc6d8423d700a17281f8937caaa5b3ca51d3ef59ac533793c242b39873ab931b5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/223950/cdc_223950_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.31 MB ]