Effect of a High-Fat Diet and Occupational Exposure in Different Rat Strains on Lung and Systemic Responses: Development of an Animal Model to Examine the Exposome

Details

• Personal Author:
  Antonini JM ; Boots T ; Boyce G ; Erdely A ; Kashon M ; Kodali V ; McKinney W ; Meighan T ; Roach KA ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Shoeb M ; Stone S ; Zeidler-Erdely PC
• Description:
  The exposome is the measure of all exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. Important components of the exposome include lifestyle (diet), environmental and occupational exposures, and individual genetic predisposition. Mapping of the exposome could improve the understanding of disease and aid in prevention strategies and possible cures of many diseases. The goal was to develop an experimental model of the exposome by collecting biological samples during critical life stages of an exposed animal that are applicable to worker populations. Genetic contributions were assessed using strains of male rats with different genetic backgrounds [Fischer-344 (F344), Sprague-Dawley (SD), Brown-Norway (BN)] maintained on a regular (REG) or high fat (HF) diet for 24 wk. At wk 7 during diet maintenance, groups of rats from each strain were exposed to welding fume (WF; 20 mg/m3 x 3 hr/d x 4 d/wk x 5 wk) or filtered air until wk 12, at which time some animals were euthanized. A separate set of rats from each strain were allowed to recover from WF exposure until the end of the 24 wk period. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were collected at 7, 12, and 24 wk to assess general health indices. Exposure to WF during maintenance on a HF diet caused specific adverse health outcomes directly after exposure as well as after a 12-wk recovery phase. Depending on the animal strain, there was evidence that WF exposure and HF diet together worsened lung toxicity and kidney function as well as altered different serum enzymes and proteins. The exposomal factors of diet, exposure, and strain were all important, depending on the health outcome measured. Exposure had the most significant influence on the pulmonary responses, whereas strain and diet were the most significant contributors regarding parameters related to extrapulmonary responses. Principal component analysis further confirmed the influence of strain on the responses measured, indicating the importance of genetic predisposition as an exposomal factor. In summary, this study showed that an animal model can be useful in the assessment of the exposome as external lifetime exposures can be easily controlled and adverse health outcomes measured. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Blood Diet Environmental Exposure Enzymes Laboratories Lung Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Preventive Medicine Respiratory System Safety Toxicology Welding

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• Keywords:
  Animal Studies Biological Effects Biological Materials Blood Serum Cell Alteration Disease Prevention Environmental Exposure Enzymatic Effects Exposomes Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Fats Genetic Predisposition Kidney Function Laboratory Animals Laboratory Testing Life Stages Lung Function Models Occupational Exposure Preventive Measures Preventive Medicine Proteins Pulmonary Effects Toxic Effects Welding Fumes

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 9 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  39
• Volume:
  174
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20058847
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2020 Mar; 174(1):39
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2020
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 15-19, 2020, Anaheim, California
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:85e3475f47c947a400da57ecc317114a443ff75ad2b5e84e7c55b6ce194863f37a5d588cf9203789ff641a12bd87dc7c838eda168c8fa88c43a125fa94a4cf1f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/223232/cdc_223232_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 524.53 KB ]