Effect of Diet and Occupational Exposure in Different Rat Strains on Serum Biomarkers and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Telomere Length: Development of an Animal Model to Examine the Exposome

Details

• Personal Author:
  Antonini J ; Boots T ; Boyce G ; Erdely A ; Kashon M ; Kodali V ; Meighan T ; Roach K ; Roberts J ; Salmen R ; Shoeb M ; Zeidler-Erdely P
• Description:
  The exposome is a measure of all exposures of an individual and how those exposures relate to health. Important components of the exposome include lifestyle (diet), environmental and occupational exposures, and individual genetic predisposition. Mapping of the exposome could improve the understanding of disease and aid in prevention strategies and possible cures of many diseases. The goal was to develop an experimental model of the exposome by collecting biological samples during critical life stages of an exposed animal that are applicable to worker populations. Genetic contributions were assessed using three strains of male rats with different genetic backgrounds [Fischer-344 (F344), Sprague-Dawley (SD), Brown-Norway (BN)] maintained on a standard or high fat (HF) diet for 24 wk. At wk 7 during diet maintenance, groups of rats from each strain were exposed by inhalation of stainless steel welding fume (WF; 20 mg/m3 x 3 hr/d x 4 d/wk x 5 wk) or filtered air until wk 12 at which time some animals from each strain were euthanized. A separate set of rats from each strain were allowed to recover from WF exposure until the end of the 24 wk period. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and whole blood were collected at 7 wk (baseline before WF exposure), 12, and 24 wk to assess lung toxicity and to recover serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells for general health and epigenetic analysis (telomere length), respectively. As expected, WF exposure had the greatest effect on lung responses, whereas the HF diet induced the most pronounced changes in serum analytes (e.g., triglyceride, AST, ALT) in most cases. Interestingly, PBMC telomere length was significantly shorter in the group of animals maintained on the HF diet that also were exposed to WF compared to the other groups. Generally, the exposome components of diet and WF exposure had the greater influence on the parameters measured compared to the changes associated with rat strain except for the body weight changes observed with the HF diet that were more pronounced in the inbred F344 and BN strains. An animal model can be useful in the study of the exposome as external lifetime exposures can be easily controlled and adverse health outcomes measured. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Blood Body Fluids Cells, Cultured Chromosomes Diet Environmental Exposure Hazardous Substances Hematologic Tests Laboratories Longevity Lung Nucleotides Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Toxicology Welding

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• Keywords:
  Analytical Models Biological Materials Biological Monitoring Blood Samples Blood Serum Body Fluids Cell Cultures Cell Culture Techniques Chromosome Damage Disease Prevention DNA Damage Environmental Exposure Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Fats Genetic Predisposition Health Effects Inhalation Laboratory Animals Laboratory Testing Lifespan Lung Cells Occupational Exposure Sampling Stainless Steel Toxic Fumes Welding Fumes

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  168
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054953
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2019 Mar; 168(1):239
• CAS Registry Number:
  Stainless Steel (CAS RN 12597-68-1)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 10-14, 2019, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:208e969d484ea11d14969c9841a45b1ddb58e1cdd4804bd82a4d1b34a56be5a621408407201e2c2ccda29faf8012f2832ca08b2ed74f408a5f67bbb85d1d7d5c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217359/cdc_217359_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 866.05 KB ]