Occupational Trichloroethylene Exposure and Parkinson’s Disease Risk

Details

• Personal Author:
  Comyns K ; Goldman S ; Marek K ; Meng C ; Quinlan P ; Ross GW ; Tanner C
• Description:
  Objective: To assess whether occupational exposure to the solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) is associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Background: Severe solvent intoxication can rarely cause an acute parkinsonian syndrome, but epidemiologic studies of solvent exposure and PD risk are inconsistent. A PD cluster was previously identified in manufacturing workers exposed to the common degreasing solvent TCE, and TCE induces specific PD-like neuropathology in an animal model. Our group reported increased risk associated with occupational exposure to TCE in a study of twins discordant for PD. We sought to replicate this finding in a second population. Methods: We recruited PD cases and matched controls from North American movement disorders centers (SOLVENTS study). Occupational interviews collected information about industry/tasks/processes/materials for jobs since age 10. A blinded industrial hygienist and preventive medicine physician estimated TCE exposure likelihood (none, possible, probable), intensity (low, >low) and duration (hours/year*years), and estimated cumulative exposure. We pooled SOLVENTS with a prior case-control study in a large male twin cohort (TWINS study) that used identical exposure rating procedures. We assessed risk using generalized estimating equations adjusting for age, smoking, study, and twin-relatedness. Results: 492 PD/481 controls in SOLVENTS, and 155 PD/117 controls in TWINS had complete data. 22 in SOLVENTS (21 male) and 15 in TWINS had any occupational exposure to TCE. PD risk was higher for any TCE exposure in SOLVENTS (odds ratio (OR) 1.4, 95%CI 0.6-3.3), TWINS (OR 3.1, 95%CI 0.9-10.5) and in pooled analyses (OR 1.8, 95%CI 0.9-3.7). In cumulative tertile pooled analyses restricted to men, relative to no exposure, OR for TCE exposure was 1.15 (0.5-2.6) for low (n= 12 in SOLVENTS, 9 in TWINS) and 3.6 (0.97-13.4) (n= 9 in SOLVENTS, 6 in TWINS) for high exposure (p-trend 0.05). Conclusions: Although statistical power is limited and exposure assessment imprecise, our finding of a dose-response relationship supports observations in animal studies and suggests that occupational exposure to TCE may increase PD risk. Future work will investigate interactions with polymorphic variants in genes involved in TCE metabolism. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Age Factors Animals Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Genetics Health Personnel Laboratories Nervous System Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Smokers Solvents

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• Keywords:
  Age Factors Chemicals Dose Response Exposure Levels Genes Industrial Hygienists Intoxication Laboratory Animals Models Neuropathology Parkinsonism Parkinsons Disease Physicians Risk Factors Smoking Statistical Analysis Trichloroethylene

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• ISSN:
  1531-8257
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  32
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20064540
• Citation:
  Mov Disord 2017 Jun; 32(S2):S2
• CAS Registry Number:
  Trichloroethylene (CAS RN 79-01-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• Performing Organization:
  Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20130901
• Source Full Name:
  Movement Disorders. Abstracts of the 21st International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, June 4-8, 2017, Vancouver, Canada
• End Date:
  20170831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:23f96555ff98ad404094cbcdcec65e3169f233447e6f28ca9e221751fa3582ab6bcbd4352b88909687349ff0a49675a15722bf35608f24855afa0be5d6aa0f6b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/222985/cdc_222985_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 604.27 KB ]